Retarded menstruation:an introduction of delayed menstrual cycle or late periods.


 TCM Knowledge:Gynecology Syndromes,Women Syndromes ✵Gynecology of TCM is a branch to study the physiological and pathological characteristics of women and to prevent and treat syndromes specific to women. Gynecology of TCM research scope including irregular menstruation, amenia, metrorrhagia, infertility, postpartum syndromes, breast syndromes, and miscellaneous syndromes, etc.

Retarded menstruation.

delayed menstrual cycle/late periods.
Retarded menstruation 
 ✵The Retarded menstruation is commonly known as late periods, periods that come one week or more after due time, also known as a lengthened menstrual cycle, oligomenorrhea, delayed menstrual cycle, late menstruation.

 ✵ Normally, the period comes eight to nine days after due time, or even once in 40 to 50 days, it is defined as the delayed menstrual cycle, or retarded menstruation, late periods.

 ✧ In case the periods come 3 to 5 days after due time, or happen once occasionally but still on time later, and no any uncomfortable sensations, it is the normal menstruation.

 ✦The pathogenic reason that leads to the retarded menstruation or delayed menstrual cycle, are known mostly due to blood cold, blood deficiency, or Qi stagnation, so the retarded menstruation or late periods are classified into retarded menstruation of blood-cold type(late periods due to blood cold), retarded menstruation of blood-deficiency type(late periods due to blood deficiency), retarded menstruation of Qi stagnation(late periods due to Qi stagnation), etc.

Retarded menstruation of blood cold type.

late periods due to blood cold.
Knowledge 
 ✵The retarded menstruation of blood cold type is mainly due to blood cold and various indirect reasons leading to blood cold: take cold food, cold drinks, get wet in the rain, take cold bath, affection from cold wind, the cold pathogen attack the Chong channel(the thoroughfare vessel) and Ren channel(the conception vessel) and the uterus, blood clot due to cold pathogen, channels and meridians are impassable(are blocked), menstruation could not come on due time; or innate deficiency(constitutional insufficiency), deficient physical type with internal cold, could not generate enough blood, the Chong channel(the thoroughfare vessel) and Ren channel(the conception vessel) are empty, thus the menstruation could not come on due time. It is also known as delayed menstrual cycle due to blood cold, or late menstruation due to blood cold.
 ✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:

 "For the syndrome of late periods, there are cases due to blood stasis and Qi stagnant...; there are cases due to blood deficiency, not pain in the abdomen and belly, gradually heat or fever on the body...; there are cases due to frustration and unsatisfaction, depression and worry, pain in the abdomen, chest and diaphragm, low back and hypochondria..."[05].

 "The blood is the basis of a woman...if the Qi and blood are in a disorder state, imbalance of Yin and Yang, much Yang and generate heat, then the period comes early, much Yin and turn cold, then the period comes later..."[07].

 "For the syndrome of late periods, ...in case woman discharge much menstrual blood, light color and not purple, odor smelly, pain in the abdomen and not distention, is the syndrome of excess and cold..., in case woman discharge few menstrual blood, light color, not pain and distention in the abdomen, is the syndrome of deficiency and cold..."[09].



Retarded menstruation of blood-deficiency type.

late periods due to blood-deficiency.
Knowledge 
 ✵The retarded menstruation of blood-deficiency type is mainly due to blood-deficiency: chronic disease, or serious disease which hurt the blood, or great bleeding and chronic bleeding due to various reasons, or hurt the blood due to more birth and breastfeed, overwork, lead to blood deficiency, and the menstruation could not come on due time. It is also known as delayed menstrual cycle due to blood-deficiency, late periods or late menstruation due to blood-deficiency.
 ✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:

 "The retarded menstruation is the condition of blood deficiency and insufficiency of blood.", ..." In the case of retarded menstruation for thin person, is the condition of blood deficiency." [02].

 "The case of late periods, is due to blood deficiency." [03].

 "For the late periods, there are cases due to blood deficiency of the spleen, or cases due to blood insufficiency of the liver, or cases due to Qi deficiency and blood weakness." "A lady feels internal heat and thirst, poor appetite, there is a mass in the left abdomen, gradually enlarged, its size is similar to an egg, menstruation comes about every three months, gradually emaciated, teeth and cheeks looks like sores, pulse manifestation is powerful and rapid, especially rapid at the Guan pulse of the left hand. This is the condition of liver and spleen stagnation."[04].

 "For the late periods, there are cases due to blood stasis and Qi stagnant...; there are cases due to blood deficiency, not pain in the abdomen and belly, gradually heat or fever on the body...; there are cases due to frustration and unsatisfaction, depression and worry, pain in the abdomen, chest and diaphragm, low back and hypochondria..."[05].

 "Woman suffers from late periods, there are cases due to blood deficiency of the spleen, or cases due to blood insufficiency of the liver, or cases due to Qi deficiency and blood weakness."[06].

 "Woman suffers from late periods due to Yin insufficiency, one month later than a previous month, the appearance and color is not fresh, or pain stagnancy and (menstrual discharge is) less in volume, her Zang-viscera Qi prefers to warmth and aversion to cold..."[08].

 "For the syndrome of late periods, ...in case woman discharge few menstrual blood, deep red color, although it is a syndrome of deficiency, also a syndrome of heat..."[09].



Retarded menstruation of Qi stagnation.

late periods due to Qi stagnation.
Knowledge 
 ✵The retarded menstruation of Qi stagnation is mainly due to Qi stagnation: narrow-minded in character, easy to be angry, or think and worry too much, rashness and irascibility, which lead to Qi stagnation and obstruction, once the Qi is obstructed, the blood will be blocked too, as a result, the Qi and Blood are in stagnation and blocked, lead to delayed menstruation or late periods. It is also known as delayed menstrual cycle due to Qi stagnation, late periods or late menstruation due to Qi stagnation.
 ✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:

 (1)."The case of late periods for a fat person(a fat woman), is the condition of phlegm, block the ascending and descending, Qi deficiency." [02].

 (2)."The case of late periods for a fat person(a fat woman), is the condition of phlegm, obstruction in the womb."[03].

 (3)."For the late periods, there are cases due to blood stasis and Qi stagnant...; there are cases due to blood deficiency, not a pain in abdomen and belly, gradually heat or fever on the body...; there are cases due to frustration and unsatisfaction, depression and worry, pain in abdomen, chest and diaphragm, low back and hypochondria..."[05].



Retarded menstruation of spleen-Yin hurt.

late periods due to spleen-Yin hurt.
Knowledge 
 ✵The retarded menstruation of spleen-Yin hurt is mainly due to spleen-Yin hurt: the spleen Yin is the primary Yin of other viscera, and the origin of the spleen collaterals, the hurt of the spleen-Yin will lead to delayed menstruation or retarded menstruation. It is also known as delayed menstrual cycle due to spleen Yin hurt, late periods or late menstruation due to spleen Yin hurt.
 ✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:

 (1)."A woman suffers from late periods, fever, and tiredness, ever used some recipes, and periods come every two months, (menstrual discharge is) few in volume and clots, ever used strong herbs to boost menstruation, its result, two eyes sense like being shaded by silk cloth...this is the condition of spleen hurt the five-Zang viscera, all lost, could not return to the eyes." [04].



References:
  • 01.Retarded menstruation:an introduction of delayed menstrual cycle or late periods.
  • 02.Kun Yuan Shi Bao(the Kun Essence is Guaranteed).By 薛轩(Xuē Xuān)[Song].
  • 03.Song Shi Nǚ Ke Cuo Yao(the Synopsis of Song's Gynecology).By 宋林皋(Sòng Lín Gāo)[Ming].
  • 04.Nǚ Ke Cuo Yao(the Synopsis of Gynecology).By 薛己(Xuē Jǐ)[Ming].
  • 05.Fù Kē Bǎi Biàn(the Differentiations in Hundred Syndromes of Gynecology).By 庄履严(Zhuāng Lǚyán)[Ming].
  • 06.Nǚ Ke Bǎi Xiào Quán Shū(the Efficacious Complete Book of Gynecology).By 龚居中(Gōng Jūzhōng)[Ming,1630].
  • 07.Huang Shi Nǚ Ke(the Synopsis of Huang's Gynecology).By 黄彦荣(Huáng Yànróng)[Ming,1504].
  • 08.Ye Shi Nǚ Ke Zhèng Zhì(the Syndromes and Therapeutics of Ye's Gynecology).By 叶桂(Yè Guì)[1817].
  • 09.Fù Kē Liáng Fāng(the Effective Prescription of Gynecology).By 何梦瑶(Hé Mèngyáo)[1751].

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