Introduction of Epilobium Herb in Chamaenerion Sect:(3).Epilobium latifolium L.
✵The article gives records of the herb (3).Epilobium latifolium L., its English name, Latin name, common names, property and flavor, with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of the plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of this plant species.
Chamaenerion Sect:(3).Epilobium latifolium L.
Introduction: Chamaenerion Sect: Chamaenerion Tausch is a section in the Epilobium genus of the Onagraceae family (evening primrose family), perennial herbs or subshrubs, upright, often clumps. Stems are terete. Leaves are spiral alternate, sparsely subopposite, or whorled. The flower is slightly bilaterally symmetrical, the lower pair of petals is slightly narrower than the upper one, and is perpendicular to the stem axis when blooming; the flower tube is absent; the petals are entire; Stamens are nearly equal in length, arranged in a whorl, pollen grains are blue to yellow, single pollen pollinates; style reflexes when flowering; stigma is deeply 4-lobed, somewhat higher than stamens, lobes open and unfold 2-3 days after flowering, and roll back when style becomes upright and withered.
Botanical description: Epilobium latifolium L is classified in Sect. Chamaenerion Tausch, the Epilobium genus, of the Onagraceae family, its full Latin name is Chamerion latifolium (L.) Fries et Lange, is commonly known as Wide-leaf willow herb. Its synonyms are Epilobium latifolium, Chamaenerion latifolium, Epilobium changaicum, Epilobium kesamitsui.
Epilobium latifolium is a perennial herb, upright, often clumps; rhizomes are 0.4~1 cm thick, more or less lignified, succulent overwintering root suckers grow from the root neck; leaves are spiral alternate or sometimes opposite at the lower part of the stem, the lowermost leaves are tiny, submembranous, brown, triangular-ovate, middle and upper leaves are subleathery, elliptic or ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, 2~5 or 8 cm long, 0.6~1.7 or 2.6 cm wide, the apex is obtuse or shortly tapering, the base is cuneate or sometimes subobtusely rounded, the margin is entire to 4~7 sparse denticles on each side, pale green on both surfaces, subglabrous or pubescent on veins, lateral veins are inconspicuous, 3~4 on each side; petiole is absent or only 1~2 mm long;
Stems are 15~45 cm high, 1.5~5 mm thick, unbranched or with few branches, glabrous, sometimes the upper part of the stem especially rachis is pubescent;
Flowers are upright at buds, drooping one by one before flowering; flower buds are oblong-obovoid, 1~1.7 cm long, 5~7 mm in diameter, the apex is sharp; the ovary is purple, 1~1.7 cm long, densely covered with grayish-white pubescent hairs; Pedicel is 0.7~2 cm long, the flower tube is missing, the disc is 0.5~1 mm deep, 3~4 mm diameter; sepals are oblong-lanceolate, 1~1.6 cm long, 1.5~3.5 mm wide, the apex is sharp, purple-red, nearly glabrous or sparsely pubescent; petals are rose-red or pink, usually slightly unequal, the lower two are narrower than the upper two, obovate or oblong-obovate, 1~2.4 cm long, 0.7~1.5 cm wide, the apex is rounded, scarce; anthers are oblong or elliptic-oblong, 1.2~4 mm long, filaments are nearly equal, 6~11 mm long; style is 3.5~8 mm long, strongly reflexed, glabrous; stigma is white, 4-parted, lobes are 2~3.5 mm long, with papillae on the upper surface, excurved (curve outward) when flowering.
Capsular fruit is 2.5~8 cm long; fruit pedicel is 1.2~2.5 cm long; seeds are often prismatic, 1.2~2.1 mm long, 0.4~0.6 mm in diameter, the apex is with a short rostrum (beak), the surface is nearly smooth, but with inconspicuous and irregular nets pattern; tassels are 9~15 mm long, yellowish-brown or gray, difficult to fall off; its flowering period is from June to August, fruiting from August to October.
Ecological environment: Epilobium latifolium grows in glacier alluvial soil in river valleys, sandy land, or grassland beside rivers in alpine areas, sometimes extending to the snow-line flowing rocky beach, in areas with the altitude of 1,600~5,200 meters; The plant grows widely in China, it also widely grows in Kamchatka in Asia, eastern Siberia, Altai, and Tianshan regions, Kashmir in the Western Himalayas, Pakistan and Afghanistan, Northern Europe, and northern to western North America.
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1.Introduction of Epilobium Herb in Chamaenerion Sect:(3).Epilobium latifolium L.
✵The article gives records of the herb (3).Epilobium latifolium L., its English name, Latin name, common names, property and flavor, with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of the plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of this plant species.
Introduction: Chamaenerion Sect: Chamaenerion Tausch is a section in the Epilobium genus of the Onagraceae family (evening primrose family), perennial herbs or subshrubs, upright, often clumps. Stems are terete. Leaves are spiral alternate, sparsely subopposite, or whorled. The flower is slightly bilaterally symmetrical, the lower pair of petals is slightly narrower than the upper one, and is perpendicular to the stem axis when blooming; the flower tube is absent; the petals are entire; Stamens are nearly equal in length, arranged in a whorl, pollen grains are blue to yellow, single pollen pollinates; style reflexes when flowering; stigma is deeply 4-lobed, somewhat higher than stamens, lobes open and unfold 2-3 days after flowering, and roll back when style becomes upright and withered.
Botanical description: Epilobium latifolium L is classified in Sect. Chamaenerion Tausch, the Epilobium genus, of the Onagraceae family, its full Latin name is Chamerion latifolium (L.) Fries et Lange, is commonly known as Wide-leaf willow herb. Its synonyms are Epilobium latifolium, Chamaenerion latifolium, Epilobium changaicum, Epilobium kesamitsui.
Flowers are upright at buds, drooping one by one before flowering; flower buds are oblong-obovoid, 1~1.7 cm long, 5~7 mm in diameter, the apex is sharp; the ovary is purple, 1~1.7 cm long, densely covered with grayish-white pubescent hairs; Pedicel is 0.7~2 cm long, the flower tube is missing, the disc is 0.5~1 mm deep, 3~4 mm diameter; sepals are oblong-lanceolate, 1~1.6 cm long, 1.5~3.5 mm wide, the apex is sharp, purple-red, nearly glabrous or sparsely pubescent; petals are rose-red or pink, usually slightly unequal, the lower two are narrower than the upper two, obovate or oblong-obovate, 1~2.4 cm long, 0.7~1.5 cm wide, the apex is rounded, scarce; anthers are oblong or elliptic-oblong, 1.2~4 mm long, filaments are nearly equal, 6~11 mm long; style is 3.5~8 mm long, strongly reflexed, glabrous; stigma is white, 4-parted, lobes are 2~3.5 mm long, with papillae on the upper surface, excurved (curve outward) when flowering.
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