Introduction of Epilobium Herb in Epilobium sect:(24).Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto.
✵The article gives records of the herb (24).Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto., its English name, Latin name, common names, property and flavor, its botanical source plant species, with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of this plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of this plant species.
Introduction: Epilobium sect is a section in the Epilobium genus of the Onagraceae family (evening primrose family), perennial herbs, upright, ascending, or prostrate. Stems are cylindrical or quadrangular. Leaves are opposite (occasionally whorled) at least below inflorescence and alternate sparsely spirally (E. sinense H. Lev.). Flowers are actinomorphic, parallel to the stem axis when blooming; flower tube exists; petal apex is concave to deeply 2-lobed; stamens vary in length in 2 whorls, pollen grains are yellow, pollinated by quadruple pollen; style is always upright; stigma is usually entire, clavate to capitate, as long as or higher than stamens, sometimes 4-lobed and higher than stamens.
Botanical description: Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto is an alpine perennial decumbent herb, it is commonly known as the south-lake willow herb. The rhizomes extend up to 10 meters underground. The underground succulent roots grow from the nodes, and small-scale leaves densely grow near the ground; the aboveground stems are 3~18 cm long and 0.5~1 mm thick, often branched at the upper part, surrounded by curly hairs, sometimes mixed with glandular hairs;
The leaves are opposite, alternate on the inflorescence, often densely grow on the upper part of the stem, more or less coriaceous, nearly succulent when fresh, broadly elliptic to obovate or ovate, sparsely round, 0.8~2.1 cm long, 0.5~1.2 cm wide, apex is obtuse, the base is nearly cuneate, sparsely nearly truncate, margin with 3-7 shallow teeth on each side, 3~5 lateral veins on each side, inconspicuous, sparsely pubescent only grow on veins and margins, often covered with sparse rod-shaped stalactites; petiole is 1~3 mm long; inflorescence is nearly upright to ascending;
Capsular fruit is brown, 2~4.5 cm long, 3~4 mm in diameter, sparsely covered with pubescent and glandular hairs; fruiting peduncle is 0.4~0.7 cm long; seeds are narrowly obovate, 1.6~1.8 mm long, with a short rostrum (beak), the thin surface has reticulate ornamentation; Seed tassel is gray-white, 6~9 mm long, persistent; Its flowering period is July to August, the fruiting period is August to September;
Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto has a developed root system, the plant has dense hairs, curled leaves, epidermal cells that are thick and keratinized, and many anthocyanins in leaf cells, which can absorb strong ultraviolet light, so they grow in clusters in small areas.
Ecological environment: Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto grows in Yilan, Taichung, and Hualien, it is endemic to Taiwan of China, the plant grows on high mountain stone ledge, in the area with the latitude of 2,600~3,750 meters above sea level, the distribution area is very narrow, only the South-lake Mountain at the junction of Yilan, Taichung and Hualien three counties in the north of Taiwan's Central Mountains. This species is endemic to Taiwan, and currently only survives in the South-lake Mountains in the northern part of the Central Mountains.
The habitat of Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto is very special. It is located on the top of the mountains, with low temperature, low heat, strong radiation, high wind speed, and a lot of gravel. The annual average temperature is 4.7 °C (Celsius, or 40.46 degrees Fahrenheit), the highest monthly average temperature is 10.6 °C (Celsius, or 51.08 degrees Fahrenheit), the lowest monthly average temperature is -2.8 °C (Celsius, or 26.96 degrees Fahrenheit), and the annual precipitation is about 3,000 mm. Because the production area faces the Pacific Ocean, the wind speed is large, and the sunshine hours reach 2,076 hours. The soil is mountain gravel soil, the soil layer is thin, and there are many gravels. The plant grows in detrital rubble between slopes and ice valleys.
Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto has low plants and large flowers, which are pink or purplish red. The flowers are open during the day and closed at night. It is a remnant species of the ice age, and it is limited to a few high mountains due to the retreat of the glaciers. Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto is one of the precious and rare plants in Taiwan.
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1.Introduction of Epilobium Herb in Epilobium sect:(24).Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto.
✵The article gives records of the herb (24).Epilobium nankotaizanense Yamamoto., its English name, Latin name, common names, property and flavor, its botanical source plant species, with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of this plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of this plant species.
Introduction: Epilobium sect is a section in the Epilobium genus of the Onagraceae family (evening primrose family), perennial herbs, upright, ascending, or prostrate. Stems are cylindrical or quadrangular. Leaves are opposite (occasionally whorled) at least below inflorescence and alternate sparsely spirally (E. sinense H. Lev.). Flowers are actinomorphic, parallel to the stem axis when blooming; flower tube exists; petal apex is concave to deeply 2-lobed; stamens vary in length in 2 whorls, pollen grains are yellow, pollinated by quadruple pollen; style is always upright; stigma is usually entire, clavate to capitate, as long as or higher than stamens, sometimes 4-lobed and higher than stamens.
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