Introduction of Yī Bèi Mǔ:Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb or Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae.
✵The article gives records of the herb Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb, its English name, Latin name, property and flavor, its botanical source two plant species, ①.Fritillaria walujewii Regel, ②.Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk., with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of these two plants, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of these two plants, the features of the herb Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb, its pharmacological actions, medicinal efficacy, and administration guide.
Pin Yin Name: Yī Bèi Mǔ.
English Name: Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb.
Latin Name: Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae.
Property and flavor: slight cold, bitter, sweet.
Brief introduction: The herb Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae is the dried bulb of Fritillaria walujewii Regel or Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk, used as thunbery fritillary bulb. The herb is commonly known as Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae, Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb, Yī Bèi Mǔ.
Botanical source: The herb Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae (Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb) is the dried bulb of Fritillaria walujewii Regel or Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk, they are plants of Fritillaria L. genus, the Liliaceae family (lily family) of the Liliflorae order. It is also known as Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb, Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae or Yī Bèi Mǔ.
Herbal classic book defined the herb Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae (Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb) as the dried bulb of:(1). Fritillaria walujewii Regel or (2). Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk. These 2 commonly used species are introduced:
(1).Fritillaria walujewii Regel.
Botanical description: Fritillaria walujewii Regel is also known as Xin Jiang Bèi Mǔ or Tiān Shān Bèi Mǔ. A perennial herb, the plant grows up to 25~40 cm tall. The squamous bulb is 1~1.5 cm in diameter, composed of a few hypertrophic scales. Leaves are usually scattered, sometimes opposite or whorled; leaf blades are lanceolate to strip-shaped, 5~9 cm long, 3~10 cm wide, the upper end of the leaf has 3 whorled foliate (leaf-like) bracts, and the upper end of the bract is extremely curly.
The simple flower is terminal; the flower is campanulate (bell-shaped), has 6 tepals, the outer surface is gray-purple, the inner surface is prunus (violet red), has white or yellow square-shaped stripes, and the upper part of the base has a sunken nectar gland; stamens are 1/2 of the tepal in length; style is slightly longer than the ovary; stigma is 3-parted; lobes are about 1/4 of style in length.
Capsularfruits are 1.8~3 cm long, and wings on the edges are 4~5 mm wide. Its flowering period is from May to June, and the fruiting period is from July to August.
Growth characteristics: The plant prefers a wet and cool climate, and it is tolerant of coldness, afraid of high humidity, bulbs are not resistant to frost damage at -10 °C (Celsius, or 14 degrees Fahrenheit); and the temperature suitable for its growth is 5~20 °C (Celsius, or 41~68 degrees Fahrenheit). The soil requirements are not strict, but a field with deep soil layers, loose, humus-rich sandy loam with good drainage is good for cultivation.
Ecological environment: The plant grows in forests or on a grassy slope, in areas at altitudes of 1,300~2,000 meters above sea level. The plant is mainly distributed in western Xinjiang, China.
Characters of herbs: The bulb of the Fritillaria walujewii Regel is oblate or conical, 0.5~1.5 cm high, and 0.6~1.2 cm in diameter. The surface is whitish or light yellowish-brown, smooth. The two scale leaves of the outer layer are nearly equal, or one leaf is bigger, clasped. The apex is slightly blunt, explanate and cracked, the base is blunt, there is 1 bigger scale leaf or residual stem, a bud sprout. The texture of the herb is firm and solid, and the fracture surface is white and rich in mealiness (powdery). The herb has a slight smell, and it tastes bitter.
Medicinal efficacy: Clear the lungs, reduce phlegm, eliminating stagnation, indicated for lung heat and cough, sputum sticky and choking sensation in the chest, over-strained cough and hemoptysis (spit blood), scrofula, carbuncle swelling, etc.
Administration of Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae (Yī Bèi Mǔ):
Reference:
Administration Guide of Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae (Yī Bèi Mǔ)
TCM Books:
①.Internally:3~9 grams; ②.3~9 grams; ③.3~9 grams, water decoction; prepare to finely ground herb powder and prepared to pills, powder.
Precautions: should not be combined with herbs of Aconiti species.
(2).Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk.
Botanical description: Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk is also known as Yī Bèi Mǔ or Yī Li Bèi Mǔ. A perennial herb, the plant grows up to 30~60 cm tall. Squamous bulbs are composed of 2 scales, 1.5~3.5 cm in diameter, the upper end of the scale leaf extends into a long membrane, and the skin of the scale leaf is thick. Leaves are usually scattered, sometimes nearly opposite or whorled; leaf blades from lower part to upper part are narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 7~12 cm long, 2~3.5 cm wide, and the apex is not curly.
1~4 flowers, yellowish, there are dark red spots inside, every flower has 1~3 foliate (leaf-like) bracts, the apex is not curly; 6 tepals, spatulate oblong, 3~4 cm long, 1.2~1.6 cm wide, yellowish, nectarean gland crypt is protuberant on the back; stamens are 2/3 of the tepals in length, and anther grows and inserts on the part near the base, filament does not have papilla; stigma lobes are about 2 mm long.
Capsularfruits are 1.8~3 cm long, have wide wings on the edges, and wings are 4~5 mm wide. Its flowering period is from May to June, and fruiting period is from July to August.
Growth characteristics: The plant prefers a wet and cool climate, cold resistance, afraid of high humidity, squamous bulbs are not resistant to frost damage at -10 °C (Celsius, or 14 degrees Fahrenheit), temperature suitable for growth is 5~20 °C (Celsius, or 41~68 degrees Fahrenheit). Its soil requirements are not strict, but a field with deep soil layers, loose, humus-rich sandy loam is good for cultivation.
Ecological environment: The plant grows in a damp area in a forest, or on grass slopes, in areas at altitudes of 1,300~1,780 meters above sea level. The plant is mainly distributed in the Xinjiang area of China.
Characters of herbs: The bulb of the Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk is oval, oblate, or oval-conical, 0.8~1.8 cm high, and 1~2.3 cm in diameter. The surface is whitish (almost white) or yellowish (light yellow), slightly coarse (rough), and sometimes there are visible yellow-brown spots or patches. The two scale leaves in the outer layer are cordate or crescentiform, hypertrophic and thickening, nearly equal in size, or one is slightly bigger and holds together. The apex is slightly tapering, rarely parted. The texture of the herb is slightly loose and fragile, and the fracture surface is white and powdery. The herb has a slight smell and tastes bitter.
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References:
1.Introduction of Yī Bèi Mǔ:Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb or Bulbus Fritillariae Pallidiflorae.
✵The article gives records of the herb Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb, its English name, Latin name, property and flavor, its botanical source two plant species, ①.Fritillaria walujewii Regel, ②.Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk., with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of these two plants, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of these two plants, the features of the herb Sinkiang Fritillary Bulb, its pharmacological actions, medicinal efficacy, and administration guide.
Pin Yin Name: Yī Bèi Mǔ.
Botanical description: Fritillaria walujewii Regel is also known as Xin Jiang Bèi Mǔ or Tiān Shān Bèi Mǔ. A perennial herb, the plant grows up to 25~40 cm tall. The squamous bulb is 1~1.5 cm in diameter, composed of a few hypertrophic scales. Leaves are usually scattered, sometimes opposite or whorled; leaf blades are lanceolate to strip-shaped, 5~9 cm long, 3~10 cm wide, the upper end of the leaf has 3 whorled foliate (leaf-like) bracts, and the upper end of the bract is extremely curly.
Ecological environment: The plant grows in forests or on a grassy slope, in areas at altitudes of 1,300~2,000 meters above sea level. The plant is mainly distributed in western Xinjiang, China.
Botanical description: Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk is also known as Yī Bèi Mǔ or Yī Li Bèi Mǔ. A perennial herb, the plant grows up to 30~60 cm tall. Squamous bulbs are composed of 2 scales, 1.5~3.5 cm in diameter, the upper end of the scale leaf extends into a long membrane, and the skin of the scale leaf is thick. Leaves are usually scattered, sometimes nearly opposite or whorled; leaf blades from lower part to upper part are narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 7~12 cm long, 2~3.5 cm wide, and the apex is not curly.
Ecological environment: The plant grows in a damp area in a forest, or on grass slopes, in areas at altitudes of 1,300~1,780 meters above sea level. The plant is mainly distributed in the Xinjiang area of China.
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