Hypermenorrhea:an introduction of different types menorrhagia, profuse menstruation or excessive uterine bleeding.
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✵Gynecology of TCM is a branch to study the physiological and pathological characteristics of women and to prevent and treat syndromes specific to women. Gynecology of TCM research scope including irregular menstruation, amenia, metrorrhagia, infertility, postpartum syndromes, breast syndromes, and miscellaneous syndromes, etc.
- Hypermenorrhea(profuse menstruation).
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✵The hypermenorrhea is also known as menorrhagia or profuse menstruation, excessive uterine bleeding occurring at regular intervals.
✧ Normally, the period comes on the due time and normal menstrual periods, but the uterine bleeding is more in volume than normal period, or the days of menstruation extended than normal period, excessive uterine bleeding; or menstruation twice or triple times in a month and also excessive uterine bleeding each time; these are all defined as cases of hypermenorrhea or profuse menstruation.
✦The pathogenic reason that leads to the hypermenorrhea(profuse menstruation), or menorrhagia, are known mostly due to Qi-deficiency which could not govern the blood and the blood flowing; or there is hidden fire in the blood, the fire heat the blood, the blood oozing around and unstable. The related syndromes of hypermenorrhea or profuse menstruation are introduced: hypermenorrhea of Qi-deficiency type, hypermenorrhea of blood heat oozing type, hypermenorrhea of the spleen blood-deficiency type, hypermenorrhea of the blood stasis type, etc.
✵Common terms related to hypermenorrhea are introduced:
Hypermenorrhea: excessive uterine bleeding occurring at regular intervals, also known as profuse menstruation, profuse menstrual discharge, etc.
- Hypermenorrhea of Qi deficiency type.
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✵The Hypermenorrhea of Qi deficiency type is mainly due to Qi deficiency which could not govern the blood and the blood flowing down, symptoms are excessive uterine bleeding, not stop after the period, or comes again once stopped, menstruation bleeding color is light as clear water, the lower abdomen is empty and falling lower, short of breath and low voice, feel fear and palpitation(flustered), not want to talk, body and limbs are soft and feeble(lacking in strength), face appearance is pale white, tongue color is pale white and fresh, etc.
✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:"A woman suffers from excessive uterine bleeding(hypermenorrhea), short of breath, extremely cold in the abdomen and belly button, sweating as raining, chi-pulse weak and small, is the syndrome of deficiency and weakness of the Ren and Chong channels, Qi could not be solidified." [02].
"A woman suffers from the profuse menstruation(hypermenorrhea), dripping discharge and pain in the abdomen, due to strain or consumption hurt the Qi and blood, injury of the Ren and Chong channels, or due to intercourse during menstruation, exogenous pathogen invading the uterus." [05].Different types are introduced:
⑴.A woman suffers from the profuse menstruation, dripping discharge and pain in the abdomen, the spleen is hurt from depression; ⑵....dripping discharge and pain in the abdomen, the liver is hurt from hate or anger; ⑶....dripping discharge and pain in the abdomen, deficiency and weakness of the spleen Qi; ⑷....dripping discharge and pain in the abdomen, collapse of the middle Qi; ⑸....dripping discharge and pain in the abdomen, the primordial Qi is hurt from heat.
- Hypermenorrhea of blood heat oozing type.
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✵The hypermenorrhea of blood heat oozing type is mainly due to there is hidden fire in the blood, the fire heat the blood, the blood oozing around and unstable, symptoms are excessive uterine bleeding, internal heat, and blood heat, dysphoria and vexation, dryness sensations, etc.
✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:"In the case a woman suffers from profuse menstruation or excessive uterine bleeding, not relieved in long period, develops to flooding, treatment should follow principles cool the blood and replenish blood." [03].
"A woman suffers from hypermenorrhea(profuse menstruation), whatever her shape is fat or thin, is the syndrome due to heat..." [06].
- Hypermenorrhea of the spleen blood-deficiency type(profuse menstruation of the spleen blood-deficiency type).
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✵The hypermenorrhea of the spleen blood-deficiency type is mainly due to the spleen blood deficiency, symptoms are profuse menstruation, unstoppable in long period, swelling and fullness.
✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:"A woman suffers from profuse menstruation, unstoppable in a long period, swelling and fullness, is the condition of spleen blood-deficiency." [03].
- Hypermenorrhea of the blood stasis type(profuse menstruation of the blood stasis type).
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✵The hypermenorrhea of the spleen blood stasis type is mainly due to the blood stasis and stagnancy from various reasons, such as much anger, taking raw and cold food or drink, etc.
✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:"A woman suffers from menstruation comes every three months, profuse menstruation as water flooding, what is it? This is the condition of Ju Jing(seasonal menstruation). A woman's essence and blood responding to the Tai Yin from the above, varies between the waxing and waning every month; responding to the tidal water from the lower, varies between the growth and decline every month. Now it lost the regular cycle, but comes to the four seasons, reasons due to impatience with much anger, or take raw and cold food or drink, as a result, lead to blood collaterals stagnant and not circulate smoothly. Need about three months, the blood could arrive at the uterine ostium(the orifice of the uterine cervix). So for its beginning, it could not come early to a regular period, until it comes, as water flooding down, in big volume and could not prevent. Or menses discharge in volume several bowls, or volume as much as to several liters, very urgent, stopped until the second day, self-knowing cyanotic complexion and dizziness, pain and softness in four limbs(pain and softness in hands and feet, arms and legs). Get supported only three months, complexion just turned rosy and healthy, the next menses will come again, mostly lead to short life span. Among them there are women live longevity, surely get properly cared." [04].
References:
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- 01.Hypermenorrhea:an introduction of different types menorrhagia, profuse menstruation or excessive uterine bleeding.
- 02.Kun Yuan Shi Bao(the Kun Essence is Guaranteed).By 薛轩(Xuē Xuān)[Song].
- 03.Song Shi Nǚ Ke Cuo Yao(the Synopsis of Song's Gynaecology).By 宋林皋(Sòng Lín Gāo)[Ming].
- 04.Fù Kē Bǎi Biàn(the Differentiations in Hundred Syndromes of Gynaecology).By 庄履严(Zhuāng Lǚyán)[Ming].
- 05.Nǚ Ke Bǎi Xiào Quán Shū(the Efficacious Complete Book of Gynaecology).By 龚居中(Gōng Jūzhōng)[Ming,1630].
- 06.Ye Shi Nǚ Ke Zhèng Zhì(the Syndromes and Therapeutics of Ye's Gynaecology).By 叶桂(Yè Guì).
