Hypomenorrhea:an introduction of different types scanty menstruation or scanty inhibited menorrhea.
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✵Gynecology of TCM is a branch to study the physiological and pathological characteristics of women and to prevent and treat syndromes specific to women. Gynecology of TCM research scope including irregular menstruation, amenia, metrorrhagia, infertility, postpartum syndromes, breast syndromes, and miscellaneous syndromes, etc.
- Hypomenorrhea(scanty menstruation).
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✵The hypomenorrhea is also known as scanty menstruation, or scanty inhibited menorrhea, menstrual discharge of less than the normal amount occurring at regular intervals, the period of flow being less than usual duration.
✧ Normally, the period comes on the due time and normal menstrual periods, but the uterine bleeding is less in volume than normal period, or the days of menstruation shorter than normal period, less menstrual discharge than normal period; these are all defined as cases of hypomenorrhea, or scanty menstruation.
✦ The pathogenic reason that leads to the hypomenorrhea, or scanty menstruation, are known mostly due to blood deficiency, due to blood stasis, or due to kidney deficiency. The related syndromes of hypermenorrhea or profuse menstruation are introduced: hematasthenic hypomenorrhea(scanty menstruation due to blood deficiency), hypomenorrhea of blood stasis type(scant menstruation due to blood stasis), hypomenorrhea of kidney deficiency type(scanty menstruation due to kidney deficiency), hypomenorrhea of phlegm stagnancy type(scanty menstruation due to phlegm stagnancy), etc.
- Hematasthenic hypomenorrhea(scanty menstruation due to blood deficiency).
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✵The hematasthenic hypomenorrhea type is mainly due to blood deficiency, also known as hypomenorrhea due to blood deficiency, or scanty menstruation due to blood deficiency, symptoms are menstrual discharge of abnormally small amount, or stop in just 1 day, or stop after several drips, menstrual discharge color is light(or pinkish), diluted discharge, the lower abdomen is empty and feel pain, feel easy when get massaged, sallow complexion(looks yellow withered), dizzy head(dizziness) and blurred eyes, tinnitus, or palpitation and tinnitus(flustered and ringing in the ears), skin dry, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, yellowish white lips and bloodless, pale tongue, thready weak pulse, etc.
✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:"The menstrual discharge is less than the normal amount gradually(scanty inhibited menorrhea), and develops to amenia(menostasis), irritable pain in hands feet bones and muscles, gradually emaciated and thin, affected by hot flash regularly, pulse is weak and rapid, mainly due to Yin deficiency and blood weakness, Yang subjugating Yin, a cup of water could not save a carload of wood in a fire, fire force water exhaustion and body fluid dried." [02].
"Shape emaciation and hypomenorrhea: a woman is emaciated, suffers from hypomenorrhea(scanty menstruation), is the syndrome of Qi and blood weakness..." [04].
- Hypomenorrhea of blood stasis type(scant menstruation due to blood stasis).
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✵The hypomenorrhea of blood stasis type is mainly due to blood stasis, also known as hypomenorrhea due to blood stasis, or scanty menstruation due to blood stasis, symptoms are menstrual discharge is small amount, menstrual stagnation, discharge color is black purple, with blood clots(purple-red in color or containing blood clots), the lower abdomen is swelling and pain, fear of massage(accompanied by distending pain in the lower abdomen), pain is relieved once the blood clot is expelled, face appearance sombre(depression and darkness on face), purple-black patch or plaque occur at the tongue side, etc.
✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:"A woman suffers from menses color purple-black, or pink(light red), or dampness-depression and into clots, what is it? In the case of purple-black, due to Qi and blood in combination, pain in the abdomen..., in the case of pink, due to blood deficiency with heat, easy to treat if not pain in the abdomen..., there are also phlegm syndromes, dampness-depression and feel heavy dropping during menstruation, heat or scorching hot in the lower abdomen and pains, even with other symptoms, fever, dry mouth, vomit, purple blood form clots, dragging pain to the low back and hips, various pains and suffers could not be described in all details, for the reasons affected by anger during menstruation, affected by exogenous wind-cold and dampness, as a result, lead to blood stasis and Qi stagnancy, mistakenly took recipes of hot spicy decoction or pills, exhaust Yin blood. The pain lasting a long period then heat or fever, then there is phlegm, then phlegm generates fire, fire leads to pain, is the first sufferings of a woman..." [03].
- Hypomenorrhea of kidney deficiency type(scanty menstruation due to kidney deficiency).
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✵The hypomenorrhea of blood stasis type is mainly due to kidney deficiency, also known as hypomenorrhea due to kidney deficiency, or scanty menstruation due to kidney deficiency, symptoms are menstrual discharge of abnormally small amount, color bright red, accompanied by aching of loins and knees, dizziness, tinnitus, and deep pulse.
- Hypomenorrhea of phlegm stagnancy type(scanty menstruation due to phlegm stagnancy).
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✵The hypomenorrhea of phlegm stagnancy type is mainly due to phlegm stagnancy, symptoms are scanty menstruation, dampness and phlegm stagnancy, etc.
✵Ancient herbalists who hold a syndrome differentiation viewpoint with similar explain of pathogenic reasons, and the relevant representative work are introduced and quoted:"Shape fat and hypomenorrhea: a woman is fat, suffers from hypomenorrhea(scanty menstruation), is the condition of phlegm stagnancy and blocking..." [04].
References:
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- 01.Hypomenorrhea:an introduction of different types scanty menstruation or scanty inhibited menorrhea.
- 02.Kun Yuna Shi Bao(the Kun Essence is Guaranteed).By 薛轩(Xuē Xuān)[Song].
- 03.Fù Kē Bǎi Biàn(the Differentiations in Hundred Syndromes of Gynaecology).By 庄履严(Zhuāng Lǚyán)[Ming].
- 04.Ye Shi Nǚ Ke Zhèng Zhì(the Syndromes and Therapeutics of Ye's Gynaecology).By 叶桂(Yè Guì).
