Introduction of Dao Ya:Rice-grain Sprout or Fructus Oryzae Germinatus.

TCM Herbalism:Medicinals and Classifications. ✵The article gives records of the herb Rice-grain Sprout, its English name, Latin name, property and flavor, its botanical source one plant species, ①.Oryza sativa L., with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of this plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of this plant species, the features of the herb Rice-grain Sprout, its pharmacological actions, medicinal efficacy, and administration guide.

Fructus Oryzae Germinatus(Rice-grain Sprout).

yellow sprouting herb grains of Fructus Oryzae Germinatus in a pile Pin Yin Name: Dào Yá, or Gǔ Yá.
 English Name: Rice-grain Sprout.
 Latin Name: Fructus Oryzae Germinatus.
 Property and flavor: warm nature, tastes sweet.

 Brief introduction: The herb Fructus Oryzae Germinatus is the dried and germinated grains of rice, Oryza sativa L., used to improve digestion for the treatment of poor appetite and dyspepsia. The herb is commonly known as Fructus Oryzae Germinatus, Rice-grain sprout, Dào Yá, or Gǔ Yá. The name Dào Yá is the name recorded in CP, the name Gǔ Yá is the name recorded in DCTM and CHMM, they are the same herb, the sprout of rice grains.

 Botanical source: Herbal classic book defined the herb Fructus Oryzae Germinatus(Rice-grain Sprout) as the dried germinated grains of the plant species (1).Oryza sativa L. It is a plant of the Oryza L. Genus, the Gramineae family (Poaceae, grass family) of the Poales order. This commonly used species is introduced:

(1).Oryza sativa L.


 fruiting plant of Oryza sativa L with yellow grains grow in field Botanical description: The plant, Oryza sativa L is commonly known as Dào, or Shuǐ Dào. Annual aquatic hemerophyte (cultivated plant). Culms are upright, cespitose (tufty), the plant grows up to 0.5~1.5 meters tall, varying with species. Leaf-sheath is flabby, glabrous, leaf sheath on the lower part is longer than internode length; paraphyll (ligule) is lanceolate, membraneous and hard, 5~25 mm long, both sides of the base are decurrent and connect with leaf-sheath edge, has conspicious auricle when it is young; leaf blades are flat, lanceolate to strip-lanceolate, 30-60 cm long, 6-15 mm wide.

 Panicles are sparse and loose, recurved at maturity, branches have corners and ridges, often coarse and rough; spicules (spikelets) are oblong, both sides are flattened, 6-9 mm long, contain 3 floscules (flowerets), two floscules on the lower part degenerate and only has very small lower palea (inferior palea) and locates below 1 hermaphroditic floscule; glume degenerates extremely, has semi-lune (half-moon shape) trace on apical end of spicule stalk; degenerate lower palea (inferior palea) is 3-4 mm long, the lower pales of hermaphroditic floscule have 5 veins, often has fuzz, awny or muticate, palea has 3 veins, also covered with fuzz; 2 squamations, oval (egg-shaped), 1 mm long; 6 stamens; anthers are 2~3 mm long; 2 styles, hypanthium (floral tube) is short, stigma is broom-shape, stretch from both sides of floscules.

 fruiting plants of Oryza sativa L. with yellow grains grow in sunny field Caryopsis (karyopsis) is smooth, about 5 mm long, about 2 mm wide, and about 1-1.5 mm thick; the Embryo is smaller than caryopsis, about 1/4 the length of the caryopsis. Its flowering period and fruiting period is from June to October.

 Ecological environment: Oryza sativa is fond of high temperatures, wet, short sunshine, and soil requirements are not strict, rice soil is the best. It is an important grain, widely cultivated in tropical Asia. The south of China is the main rice-producing area. Rice is one of the important food crops of human beings. Half the world's population eats rice, mainly in Asia, Southern Europe, and tropical America, and parts of Africa. Rice is the world's third-largest food crop, behind corn and wheat, but can sustain a larger population, so the United Nations designated 2004 as the International Year of Rice.

 dried herb grains of Oryza sativa L. are piled together Characters of herbs: The caryopsis (karyopsis) is oblate elliptic, with slightly pointed ends, 3~4 mm long, and 2~3 mm wide. The episperm is hard, and the surface is yellow, with short fine hairs and 5 veins. There are 2 white linear lodicules at the base, about 2 mm long, yellowish and membranous, with yellowish curved primary roots protruding from one side of the pulps. The internal film is smooth, yellow-white, containing fruit, and firm in quality, the fracture surface is white and powdery. The herb has no odor, it tastes slightly sweet.

 Pharmacological actions: ①.prompt the secretion of digestive juice, help digestion.

 Medicinal efficacy: Aid digestion and regulating the middle energizer, aid digestion and eliminate stagnation, replenishing the spleen and boosting appetite. It is indicated for dyspepsia (food retention, indigestion), dyspepsia and food stagnation (food retention, indigestion), abdominal distension and bromopnea (distension in abdomen, fetid breath or halitosis), abdominal swelling distension and diarrhea, weakness and deficiency of spleen and stomach, spleen deficiency and poor appetite (insufficiency of the spleen, low food intake), not hungry and poor appetite, beriberi and swollen feet. The fried Rice-grain sprout functions aid digestion, it is indicated for hungry and poor appetite. The charred Rice-grain sprout functions eliminate stagnation and stasis of food, it is indicated for dyspepsia and indigestion (food retention, indigestion).

 Administration of Fructus Oryzae Germinatus (Dào Yá): 
 
Reference: Administration Guide of Fructus Oryzae Germinatus (Dào Yá)
TCM Books: ①.Internally: 9~15 grams; ②.Internally:water decoction, 10~15 grams, big dosage could be 30 grams;or prepare to finely ground herb powder.

 

 
  

 

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References:
  • 1.Introduction of Dao Ya:Rice-grain Sprout or Fructus Oryzae Germinatus.

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