Introduction of Xin Yi:Flos Magnoliae or Biond Magnolia Flower.
✵The article gives records of the herb Biond Magnolia Flower, its English name, Latin name, property and flavor, its botanical source 3 plant species, ①.Magnolia biondii Pamp., ②.Magnolia denudata Desr., ③.Magnolia sprengeri Pamp., with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of these three plants, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of these three plants, the features of the herb Biond Magnolia Flower, its pharmacological actions, medicinal efficacy, and administration guide.
Flos Magnoliae(Biond Magnolia Flower).
Pin Yin Name: Xīn Yí.
English Name: Lily Magnolia, or Biond Magnolia Flower.
Latin Name: Flos Magnoliae.
Property and flavor: warm, pungent.
Brief introduction: The herb Flos Magnoliae is the dried flower bud of Magnolia biondii Pamp., Magnolia denudata Desr., or Magnolia sprengeri Pamp., used for treating stuffy nose and nasal discharge in cases of rhinitis and nasosinusitis. The herb is commonly known as Flos Magnoliae, Biond Magnolia Flower, Xīn Yí.
Botanical source: The herb Flos Magnoliae (Biond Magnolia Flower) is the dried flower bud of the Magnolia biondii Pamp., Magnolia denudata Desr., or Magnolia sprengeri Pamp., they are plants of the Magnolia L. Genus, the Magnoliaceae family (magnolia family) of the Magnoliales Juss order.
Herbal classic book defined the herb Flos Magnoliae (Biond Magnolia Flower, or Xīn Yí) as the dried flower bud of :(1). Magnolia biondii Pamp., (2). Magnolia denudata Desr., or (3). Magnolia sprengeri Pamp. These 3 commonly used species are introduced:
(1).Magnolia biondii Pamp.
Botanical description: The plant, Magnolia biondii Pamp is also known as M.fargesii ( Finet et Gagnep.) Cheng., or Wang Chun Yu Lan. Deciduous trees, the tree grows up to 6~12 meters tall. Branchlets are yellow-green or light brown, smooth or piliferous at the part near the tip; the winter bud is oval (egg-shape), and bracts with dense pale yellow fuzz. Single leaves are alternate; the petiole is 1~2 cm long, the base with stipule marks; the leaf blade is oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 10~18 cm long, 3.5~6.5 cm wide, the apex is acuminate, the base is rounded or cuneate, entire, the surface is dark green, smooth, undersurface is pale green, sparsely piliferous along veins. Flowers bloom before leaves grow out, solitary on branch apex, sparsely axillary, campanulate, 6~8 cm in diameter, white, purplish-red on outside base, aromatic; 3 perianths of the floral whorl, the calyx is flake nearly linear, about a quarter of the length of petals; middle and inner floral whorl have 3 tepals each, spoons-shape, 4~8 cm long, about 2.5 cm wide; Stamens are numerous, spirally arranged in the lower part of the elongated receptacle; Pistils are numerous, arranged on the upper part of the receptacle. Aggregate fruit is cylindrical, slightly twisted, 8~13 cm long; follicle is woody (ligneous). Seeds are obovate. Its flowering period is from February to March, the fruiting period is in September.
Ecological environment: The tree grows in forests on slopes at an altitude between 400~2,400 meters above sea level. It is mainly distributed in the Qinba mountainous area, the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River, and the middle reaches mountain area of the Yangtze River, China.
Growth characteristics: The tree was native to the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, it is now cultivated all over the country of China. The plant prefers a warm and moist climate, and sunlight, it is tolerant to cold and drought, and avoids water logging. Seedlings fear strong light and drought. It is better to choose sufficient sunshine, and fertile, slightly acidic sandy loam for cultivation.
Characters of herbs: The herb flower bud is ovate-oblong, like a writing brush head, 1.2~2.5 cm long, and 0.8~1.5 cm in diameter. The base is often with a woody short stalk, about 5 mm long, and the stalk has whitish punctate lenticels. Bracts are in 2~3 layers, 2 lobes in each layer, and there are small scaly buds between the two layers of bracts, the outer surface of bracts is densely covered with gray-white or gray-green pilose, and the inner surface is brown, and glabrous. 9 tepals (perianth lobes), in 3 whorls, brown, the tepals on the outer whorl are strip-shaped, about 1/4 the length of the inner two floral whorls, in calyx lobe shape. Stamens are numerous, and inserted spirally on the lower part of the receptacle, filaments are flat, and the anther is linear; Pistils are numerous, and inserted spirally on the upper part of the receptacle. The herb is light and crisp. The herb has a sweet fragrance, it tastes pungent, cool, and slightly bitter. The herb of better grade has big flower buds, not bloomed, yellow and green, without a branch or stalk.
Pharmacological actions: ①.Anti-hypertensive effect; ②.Effects on the uterus; ③.Other effects: inhibitory effect on a variety of pathogenic fungi, contractile effect on the blood vessels of the nasal mucosa, promote the absorption of secretions.
Medicinal efficacy: Indicated for headache, sinusitis, etc., have the effect of reducing blood pressure.
Administration of Flos Magnoliae (Xīn Yí):
Reference:
Administration Guide of Flos Magnoliae (Xīn Yí)
TCM Books:
①.Internally:3~9 grams, Externally:proper amount; ②.water decoction, 1~3 qian (about 3~9 grams), or prepared to pill, powder. Externally:prepare to finely ground herb powder, stuff nose, or infusing in water and distilled and drop to nose; ③.water decoction, 3~10 grams, or decoct wrapped, or prepare to pill or powder. Externally:proper amount, prepare to finely ground herb powder and stuff nose, or drop to nose with distilled liquid.
(2).Magnolia denudata Desr.
Botanical description: The plant, Magnolia denudata Desr is also known as M.heptapeta(Buchoz) Dandy, or M.obovata Thunb.var.denudata (Desr.) DC., or Yu Lan. The difference between this species and Magnolia biondii Pamp are: the branchlets are thick and covered with pubescence; Leaf blades are usually obovate, broadly obovate, the apex is broadly rounded, truncated, or slightly concave, often shortly pointed, the base is cuneate, petiole and undersurface of the leaf are with white fine pubescence. Perianth has 9 lobes, white, sometimes red at the outer base, obovate-oblong. Its flowering period is from February to March, the fruiting period is from August to September.
Ecological environment: The tree grows in the mixed forest of evergreen broad-leaved trees and deciduous broad-leaved trees below the altitude of 1,200 meters above sea level, it is also universally planted in the yard. It is mainly distributed in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the east of Zhujiang river area, and other areas of China.
Characters of herbs: The flower bud is 1.5~3 cm long, and 1~1.5 cm in diameter, the basal branch stalks are thick, and the lenticels are light brown. The outer surface of bracts is densely covered with gray-white or gray-green fuzz. 9 tepals (perianth lobes), inner and outer whorls have no significant difference. The herb of better grade has big flower buds, not bloomed, yellow and green, without a branch or stalk.
(3).Magnolia sprengeri Pamp.
Botanical description: The plant, Magnolia sprengeri Pamp is also known as M.denudata Rehd. et Wils.var.purpurascens(Maxim.)Rehd.et Wils, M.denudata Rehd. et Wils.var.elongata Rehd.et Wils, Wu Dang Yu Lan or Hu Bei Mu Lan. It differences from the above two species are: leaf apex is sharp-pointed, tapering, or with a protuberant small pointed end. Perianth has 12~14 lobes, the outer surface is rose-red, lighter inside, with deep purple vertical veins. Its flowering period is in March, the fruiting period is between June to July.
Ecological environment: The tree grows in the mingled forest of evergreen trees and deciduous broad-leaved trees at altitudes of 1,300~2,000 meters above sea level. It is mainly distributed in the Qinba mountainous area, the west middle reaches of the Yellow River, and the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, China.
Characters of herbs: The flower bud is 3~4 cm long, and 1~2 cm in diameter, the branch stalks are thick and strong, and the lenticels are reddish brown. The outer surface of bracts is densely covered with yellowish (light yellow) or yellowish green (light yellow-green) fuzz, and some outer layer bracts have fallen off and become dark brown. 10~15 tepals (perianth lobes), inner and outer whorls have no significant difference. The herb of better grade has big flower buds, not bloomed, yellow and green, without a branch or stalk.
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1.Introduction of Xin Yi:Flos Magnoliae or Biond Magnolia Flower.
✵The article gives records of the herb Biond Magnolia Flower, its English name, Latin name, property and flavor, its botanical source 3 plant species, ①.Magnolia biondii Pamp., ②.Magnolia denudata Desr., ③.Magnolia sprengeri Pamp., with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of these three plants, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of these three plants, the features of the herb Biond Magnolia Flower, its pharmacological actions, medicinal efficacy, and administration guide.
Pin Yin Name: Xīn Yí.
Botanical description: The plant, Magnolia biondii Pamp is also known as M.fargesii ( Finet et Gagnep.) Cheng., or Wang Chun Yu Lan. Deciduous trees, the tree grows up to 6~12 meters tall. Branchlets are yellow-green or light brown, smooth or piliferous at the part near the tip; the winter bud is oval (egg-shape), and bracts with dense pale yellow fuzz. Single leaves are alternate; the petiole is 1~2 cm long, the base with stipule marks; the leaf blade is oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 10~18 cm long, 3.5~6.5 cm wide, the apex is acuminate, the base is rounded or cuneate, entire, the surface is dark green, smooth, undersurface is pale green, sparsely piliferous along veins. Flowers bloom before leaves grow out, solitary on branch apex, sparsely axillary, campanulate, 6~8 cm in diameter, white, purplish-red on outside base, aromatic; 3 perianths of the floral whorl, the calyx is flake nearly linear, about a quarter of the length of petals; middle and inner floral whorl have 3 tepals each, spoons-shape, 4~8 cm long, about 2.5 cm wide; Stamens are numerous, spirally arranged in the lower part of the elongated receptacle; Pistils are numerous, arranged on the upper part of the receptacle. Aggregate fruit is cylindrical, slightly twisted, 8~13 cm long; follicle is woody (ligneous). Seeds are obovate. Its flowering period is from February to March, the fruiting period is in September.
Ecological environment: The tree grows in forests on slopes at an altitude between 400~2,400 meters above sea level. It is mainly distributed in the Qinba mountainous area, the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River, and the middle reaches mountain area of the Yangtze River, China.
Botanical description: The plant, Magnolia denudata Desr is also known as M.heptapeta(Buchoz) Dandy, or M.obovata Thunb.var.denudata (Desr.) DC., or Yu Lan. The difference between this species and Magnolia biondii Pamp are: the branchlets are thick and covered with pubescence; Leaf blades are usually obovate, broadly obovate, the apex is broadly rounded, truncated, or slightly concave, often shortly pointed, the base is cuneate, petiole and undersurface of the leaf are with white fine pubescence. Perianth has 9 lobes, white, sometimes red at the outer base, obovate-oblong. Its flowering period is from February to March, the fruiting period is from August to September.
Ecological environment: The tree grows in the mixed forest of evergreen broad-leaved trees and deciduous broad-leaved trees below the altitude of 1,200 meters above sea level, it is also universally planted in the yard. It is mainly distributed in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the east of Zhujiang river area, and other areas of China.
Botanical description: The plant, Magnolia sprengeri Pamp is also known as M.denudata Rehd. et Wils.var.purpurascens(Maxim.)Rehd.et Wils, M.denudata Rehd. et Wils.var.elongata Rehd.et Wils, Wu Dang Yu Lan or Hu Bei Mu Lan. It differences from the above two species are: leaf apex is sharp-pointed, tapering, or with a protuberant small pointed end. Perianth has 12~14 lobes, the outer surface is rose-red, lighter inside, with deep purple vertical veins. Its flowering period is in March, the fruiting period is between June to July.
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