Introduction of Bu Gu Zhi:Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit or Fructus Psoraleae.
✵The article gives records of the herb Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit, its English name, Latin name, property and flavor, its botanical source one plant species, ①.Psoralea corylifolia L., with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of this plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of this plant species, the features of the herb Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit, its pharmacological actions, medicinal efficacy, and administration guide.
Fructus Psoraleae(Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit).
Pin Yin Name: Bǔ Gǔ Zhī.
English Name: Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit.
Latin Name: Fructus Psoraleae.
Property and flavor: warm nature, tastes pungent and bitter.
Brief introduction: The herb Fructus Psoraleae is the dried ripe fruit of Psoralea corylifolia L., used to warm the kidney and spleen, and reinforce Yang for the treatment of impotence, nocturnal emission, frequent micturition, chronic asthma due to kidney insufficiency, and diarrhea occurring daily just before dawn due to deficiency of spleen and kidney Yang. The herb is commonly known as Fructus Psoraleae, malaytea scurfpea fruit, Bǔ Gǔ Zhī.
Botanical source: Herbal classic book defined the herb Fructus Psoraleae (Bǔ Gǔ Zhī) as the fruit of the species (1).Psoralea corylifolia L. It is a plant of the Psoralea Linn. Genus, the Fabaceae family (Leguminosae, Papilionaceae, legume, pea family) of the Rosales order. This commonly used species is introduced:
(1).Psoralea corylifolia L.
Botanical description: The plant, Psoralea corylifolia L is a plant of the Fabaceae family (Leguminosae, Papilionaceae, legume, pea family) and Psoralea genus, it is commonly known as malaytea scurfpea fruit, Bǔ Gǔ Zhī. An annual herb, upright, it grows up to 60~150 cm tall. Branches are firm and hard, with vertical ridges; the whole plant is covered with white pubescence and conspicuous dark brownish glandular spots. Simple leaves are alternate; sometimes the branch tip has 1 lateral lobule, about 1~2 cm long; petioles are 2-4 cm long, covered with white fluff; stipules (peraphyllum) are in pairs, triangular-lanceolate, about 1 cm long, membraneous; leaf blades are broadly ovate, 5–9 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, the apex is blunt or rounded, the base is cordate or circular (round), edge is coarsely serrated, both surfaces have conspicuous black glandular spots.
Flowers are many and grow densely and compose a spicate raceme, axillary; petioles are 6–10 cm long; the calyx is campanulate (bell-shaped), base connate together to fistuliform shape (tubular), the front end is 5-lobed, covered with black glandular hairs; the corolla is papilionaceous (butterfly-shape), mauve (lilac) or yellow, vexilla (vexil) is broadly obovate, alae (winged stem) is broadly linear, keel pelals (tropis) is oblong, the front end is blunt, slightly inflexed (curved inward); 10 stamens, anther is small; 1 pistil, ovary is superior, obovate or linear (filate), style is filiform (threadlike).
Legumes (pods) are elliptic, about 5 mm long, indehiscent, pericarp is black; and they stick together with seeds. 1 seed, flat, has aroma. Its flowering period is from July to August, and the fruiting period is from September to October.
Ecological Environment: The plant grows on slopes, stream sides, and in fields. Geographical distribution: This species is mainly distributed in the southwest area, but it is also cultivated in other areas of China, including the north, and northwest, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the Zhujiang River area, and other provinces.
Growth characteristics: The plant prefers a warm and moist climate, and flat fields with a sunny environment. Seedlings prefer damp conditions but avoid flooding. It prefers fertilizer, the plant grows luxuriantly if the basic fertilizer is sufficient, and the loam is fertile. Its requirement for soil is not strict, it could be planted in an ordinary field, but the humus-rich sandy loam is the best, and clay is poor. The seed germinates in about 7–10 days in the soil with enough humidity at about 20 °C (Celsius, or 68 degrees Fahrenheit).
Characters of herbs: The herb is oblate reniform, slightly flat, one end is slightly pointed, rarely has a persistent calyx, 3~5 mm long, 2~4 mm wide, and 1.5 mm thick. The surface is black, dark brown (black brown), or tan (chocolate brown), with fine reticulated patterns, and dotted concave and convex veins are visible under a magnifying glass. The apex is blunt, with a small protrusion, and the concave side has fruit stalk marks. The texture of the herb is hard and crisp, the pericarp and testa closely adnate when it is cut open, a punctate hilum is visible at the upper end of the convex side of the seed, and the other end has chalaza, raphe is inconspicuous. Testa is hard, endothelium is membraneous, ash gray (grayish-white); 2 cotyledons, hypertrophic, faint yellow(pale yellow) to fallow (pale brownish yellow), old cotyledons are a dark color, the inner surface often has white substance, and is fine needle crystals under a magnifying glass; primordium is very small. Persistent calyx connate at base, the upper end is 5-lobed, sallow (grayish yellow), has trichomes, and has densely scattered brown glandular spots. The herb has a fragrant odor, and it tastes slightly pungent and bitter.
Pharmacological actions: ①.effects on the cardiovascular system; ②.effects on the immune system are enhancing the cellular immune function of rats, enhance the body's immune function; ③.antitumor (efficiently killing sarcoma cells in mice by inhibiting DNA synthesis); ④.elevate white blood cell function; ⑤.photosensitization effect; ⑥.anti-fertility and estrogen-like effect; ⑦.anti-aging effect and significantly prolong the life of silkworm larva stage and life span; ⑧.killing effect to cysticercus, strong exterminate action on trichomonas vaginalis, antibacterial activity; ⑨.hemostasis effect on a variety of diseases.
Medicinal efficacy: Warming kidney and activating yang, promoting inspiration to relieve asthma, warming spleen and stopping diarrhea; dispersing wind and removing speckle. It is indicated for deficiency of kidney-Yang, deficiency-cold of the lower energizer, kidney deficiency and cold diarrhea, asynodia and spermatorrhea (impotence and seminal emission), uroclepsia (enuresis, urinary incontinence, bed-wetting), frequent urination, spermatorrhea or involuntary emission, cold pain of waist and knees, kidney dysfunction in Qi holding, dyspnea and cough due to deficiency of the kidney, unstoppable dyspnea due to deficiency, dyspnea cough due to cold deficiency, speen-kidney dificiency, chronic diarrhea, diarrhea before dawn; Externally it is indicated for leukodermia (piebald skin vitiligo, leucoderma), pelada (alopecia areata), psoriasis (lepra alphos, serpedo, scaly tetter), etc.
Administration of Fructus Psoraleae (Bǔ Gǔ Zhī):
Reference:
Administration Guide of Fructus Psoraleae (Bǔ Gǔ Zhī)
TCM Books:
①.Internally: 6~10 grams. Externally:20%~30% tincture, smear apply at the affected part; ②.Internally:water decoction, 1.5~3 qian (about 4.5~9 grams), or prepare to pill, powder. Externally: prepare to finely ground herb powder and smear apply, or infusing in wine and smear apply; ③.Internally: water decoction, 6~10 grams, or prepared to pill, powder. Externally: proper amount, infusing in wine and smear apply at the affected part.
Contraindications,Precautions and Adverse Reactions: The herb Fructus Psoraleae should should not be combined with licorice root.
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1.Introduction of Bu Gu Zhi:Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit or Fructus Psoraleae.
✵The article gives records of the herb Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit, its English name, Latin name, property and flavor, its botanical source one plant species, ①.Psoralea corylifolia L., with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of this plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of this plant species, the features of the herb Malaytea Scurfpea Fruit, its pharmacological actions, medicinal efficacy, and administration guide.
Pin Yin Name: Bǔ Gǔ Zhī.
Botanical description: The plant, Psoralea corylifolia L is a plant of the Fabaceae family (Leguminosae, Papilionaceae, legume, pea family) and Psoralea genus, it is commonly known as malaytea scurfpea fruit, Bǔ Gǔ Zhī. An annual herb, upright, it grows up to 60~150 cm tall. Branches are firm and hard, with vertical ridges; the whole plant is covered with white pubescence and conspicuous dark brownish glandular spots. Simple leaves are alternate; sometimes the branch tip has 1 lateral lobule, about 1~2 cm long; petioles are 2-4 cm long, covered with white fluff; stipules (peraphyllum) are in pairs, triangular-lanceolate, about 1 cm long, membraneous; leaf blades are broadly ovate, 5–9 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, the apex is blunt or rounded, the base is cordate or circular (round), edge is coarsely serrated, both surfaces have conspicuous black glandular spots.
Flowers are many and grow densely and compose a spicate raceme, axillary; petioles are 6–10 cm long; the calyx is campanulate (bell-shaped), base connate together to fistuliform shape (tubular), the front end is 5-lobed, covered with black glandular hairs; the corolla is papilionaceous (butterfly-shape), mauve (lilac) or yellow, vexilla (vexil) is broadly obovate, alae (winged stem) is broadly linear, keel pelals (tropis) is oblong, the front end is blunt, slightly inflexed (curved inward); 10 stamens, anther is small; 1 pistil, ovary is superior, obovate or linear (filate), style is filiform (threadlike).
Ecological Environment: The plant grows on slopes, stream sides, and in fields. Geographical distribution: This species is mainly distributed in the southwest area, but it is also cultivated in other areas of China, including the north, and northwest, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the Zhujiang River area, and other provinces.
Growth characteristics: The plant prefers a warm and moist climate, and flat fields with a sunny environment. Seedlings prefer damp conditions but avoid flooding. It prefers fertilizer, the plant grows luxuriantly if the basic fertilizer is sufficient, and the loam is fertile. Its requirement for soil is not strict, it could be planted in an ordinary field, but the humus-rich sandy loam is the best, and clay is poor. The seed germinates in about 7–10 days in the soil with enough humidity at about 20 °C (Celsius, or 68 degrees Fahrenheit).
Characters of herbs: The herb is oblate reniform, slightly flat, one end is slightly pointed, rarely has a persistent calyx, 3~5 mm long, 2~4 mm wide, and 1.5 mm thick. The surface is black, dark brown (black brown), or tan (chocolate brown), with fine reticulated patterns, and dotted concave and convex veins are visible under a magnifying glass. The apex is blunt, with a small protrusion, and the concave side has fruit stalk marks. The texture of the herb is hard and crisp, the pericarp and testa closely adnate when it is cut open, a punctate hilum is visible at the upper end of the convex side of the seed, and the other end has chalaza, raphe is inconspicuous. Testa is hard, endothelium is membraneous, ash gray (grayish-white); 2 cotyledons, hypertrophic, faint yellow(pale yellow) to fallow (pale brownish yellow), old cotyledons are a dark color, the inner surface often has white substance, and is fine needle crystals under a magnifying glass; primordium is very small. Persistent calyx connate at base, the upper end is 5-lobed, sallow (grayish yellow), has trichomes, and has densely scattered brown glandular spots. The herb has a fragrant odor, and it tastes slightly pungent and bitter.
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