Introduction of Bai He:Lily Bulb or Bulbus Lilii Brownii.
✵The article gives records of the herb Lily Bulb, its English name, Latin name, property and flavor, its botanical source three plant species, ①.Lilium lancifolium Thunb., ②.Lilium brownii F.E.Brown ex Miellez var.viridulum Baker., ③.Lilium pumilum DC., with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of these three plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of these three plant species, the features of the herb Lily Bulb, its pharmacological actions, medicinal efficacy, and administration guide.
Bulbus Lilii(Lily Bulb).
Pin Yin Name: Bǎi Hé.
English Name: Lily Bulb.
Latin Name: Bulbus Lilii Brownii.
Property and flavor: neutral in nature, sweet, slightly bitter.
Brief introduction: The herb Bulbus Lilii is the dried scale leaf of the bulb of Lilium lancifolium Thunb., Lilum brownii F.E.Brown var.viridulum Baker or Lilium pumilum DC. (family Liliaceae), used (1).to nourish the lung Yin and relieve cough in cases of consumptive diseases, and (2).to clear the heart and induce tranquilization for insomnia and fidgetiness in the late stage of febrile diseases with residual heat. The herb is commonly known as Bulbus Lilii, Lily Bulb, Bǎi Hé.
Botanical source: The herb Bulbus Lilii (Lily Bulb) is the dried scale leaf of Lilium lancifolium Thunb., Lilium brownii F.E.Brown ex Miellez var.viridulum Baker., or Lilium pumilum DC., they are plants of the Lilium L. genus, the Liliaceae (lily family) family of the Liliales order. These three commonly used species are introduced:
(1).Lilium lancifolium Thunb.
Botanical description: Lilium lancifolium Thunb is also known as Lilium tigrinum Ker-Gawl., is a plant of the Liliaceae family (lily family) and Lilium L genus, it is commonly known as Lilium lancifolium, Lilium tigrinum, devil lily, easter lily, tiger lily, Juǎn Dān, Shān Bǎi Hé (means mountain lily). A perennial herb, the plant grows up to 1~1.5 meters high. Squamous bulbs are round oblate spheroids, 4~7 cm tall, and 5~8 cm in diameter. Stems are upright, mauve (lilac), and covered with white woolly hairs. The leaf blade is lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 5~20 cm long, 0.5~2 cm wide, and turns smaller upward and bracteal, usually has a purple-black bulbiet in the upper leaf axil.
3~6 flowers or more, which grow near the top end, are pendulous, red-orange, the flower bud is sometimes covered with white woolly hairs; the tepals are lanceolate and revolute (curls outward), the internal surface is densely covered with purple-black spots; 6 stamens, shorter than the perianth, anther is purple; the ovary is about 1.5 cm long, and stigma is 3-lobed, purple.
Capsularfruit is oblong to obovate, 3~4 cm long. Many seeds. Its flowering period is from June to July, and the fruiting period is from August to October.
Growth characteristics: The plant grows in an area at altitudes below 2,500 meters above sea level, along forest edges, roadsides, and grassland on mountain slopes. It is mainly distributed in the northern, northwest, east, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the lower reaches of the Zhujiang river, southwest, and other areas of China. It is also cultivated in areas all over China.
Characters of herbs: The scale leaves of Lilium lancifolium are 2~3.5 cm long, 1.5~3 cm wide, and 1~3 cm thick, the surface is cream white or yellowish brown, with 3~8 vertical veins, the texture of the herb is hard and brittle, easily broken, the fracture surface is flat, corneous, the herb is odorless, tastes slightly bitter. The herb of a better grade has well-proportioned scale leaves, is thick, has a hard texture, has few ribs, is white, and has slightly bitter tastes.
(2).Lilium brownii F.E.Brown ex Miellez var.viridulum Baker.
Botanical description: Lilium brownii F.E.Brown ex Miellez var.viridulum Baker is also known as Lilum brownii F.E. Brownex Miellez var.colchesteri(Van Houtt.)Wils. ex Elwes., a plant of the Liliaceae (lily family) family and Lilium L genus, is commonly known as Lanceleaf Lily Bulb, Greenish Lily Bulb, Greenish Lily, or Bǎi Hé, Yè Hé Huā (means night lily), Bǎi Huā Bǎi Hé (means white flower lily). A perennial herb, the plant grows up to 70–150 cm high. Stems have purple stripes, glabrous; squamous bulbs are globose, about 5 cm in diameter, cuiller (squamous bulb lobes) are widely spreading, enodal and white. Leaves are scattered, have short petioles; the leaves on the upper part are usually smaller than the leaves on the middle part, and the leaf blade is oblanceolate to obovate, 7~10 cm long, 2~3 cm wide, the apex is sharp, the base is inclined and narrow, entire, glabrous, with 3~5 veins.
1~4 flower petals, trumpet-shaped (tubaeform), fragrant; 6 tepals, obovate, 15~20 cm long, 3~4.5 cm wide, mostly white, the undersurface is purplish brown, without spots, the apex is curved but not rolled, nectary has small papillate protrusions on both sides; 6 stamens, forward bending, filaments are 9.5~11 cm long, with pilose, anthers are elliptical shape, T-shaped (versatile), pollen granules are maroon; the ovary is cylindrical, about 3.5 cm long, style is 11 cm long, glabrous, stigma is 3-lobed.
The capsularfruit is oblong, 5 cm long, 3 cm wide, and ridged. Many seeds. Its flowering and fruiting periods are from June to September.
Ecological environment: The plant grows on mountain slopes and in grass, on rocks, or near village houses, in areas at altitudes lower than 900 meters above sea level. It is also cultivated. The plant is distributed in most areas of China, and it is cultivated in most areas.
Growth characteristics: The plant prefers a cool and dry climate and strong shade tolerance. It is tolerant of cold, and the suitable temperature for growth is 15~25 °C (Celsius, or 59–77 degrees Fahrenheit). The plant is tolerant of drought. Avoid hot sunshine and too much rain. The plant is a long day plant and prefers the sunshine in the early and middle stages of growth. It is appropriate to choose a sunny field with deep soil layers, loose and fertile, sandy loam with good drainage for cultivation, should not choose a low-lying wetland. Avoid continuous cropping, better choose legume crops and graminaceous crops for rotation cropping.
Characters of herbs: The scale leaves of Lilium brownii are oblong oval, the apex is pointed, the base is broad, slightly undulate, inflexed, 1.5~3 cm long, 0.5~1 cm wide, and 4 mm thick, has 3~5 veins, some of which are inconspicuous. The surface is white or light yellow, smooth and translucent, the texture of the herb is hard and brittle, easily broken, the fracture surface is flat and corneous, and the herb is odorless and tastes slight bitter. The herb of a better grade has well-proportioned scale leaves, is thick, has a hard texture, has few ribs, is white, and has a slightly bitter taste.
Pharmacological actions: ①.inhibitory effect on mouse cough induced by ammonia; ②.resist stress injury and can resist histamine-induced asthma of the toad.
Medicinal efficacy: Moistening the lung, relieve cough, clearing away the heart fire, and tranquilizing, indicated for the treatment of Yin deficiency and chronic cough, cough and spit phlegm blood, residual heat after fever, dysphoria, and palpitate with fear, trance and wandering, beriberi, edema.
Administration of Bulbus Lilii Brownii (Bǎi Hé):
Reference:
Administration Guide of Bulbus Lilii Brownii (Bǎi Hé)
TCM Books:
①.Internally: 6~12 grams; ②.water dedoction, 0.3~1 liang (about 9~30 grams), or steamed and take or prepare porridge; ③.6~12 grams, water decoction, or prepared into pill, powder; or steamed and take or prepare porridge.Externally:proper amount,mashed the herb and apply stick.
(3).Lilium pumilum DC.
Botanical description: Lilium pumilum DC is also known as Lilium tenuifolium Fisch., is a plant of the Liliaceae family (lily family) and Lilium L genus, it is commonly known as Lilium pumilum, Thin-leaf Lilium, Shān Dān Bǎi Hé. A perennial herb, the plant grows up to 20~60 cm high. Squamous bulbs are conical or ovate-oblong, 1.8~3.5 cm in diameter, with a thin membrane, cuiller (squamous scales) are oblong or ovate-oblong, 2~3.5 cm long, 0.7~1.2 cm wide, and white. Stem height is 15~60 cm, with small papillary protrusions, and some have purple stripes. Leaves grow and are scattered in the middle of the stem, sessile; leaf blades are strip-shaped, 3~10 cm long, 1~3 mm wide, glabrous, the apex is sharp, the base turns attenuate (narrow gradually), and there is 1 conspicuous vein.
Flowers are solitary or several racemes, terminal or axillary, pendulous, bright red or prunus (violet red); 6 tepals, 3~4.5 cm long, 5~7 mm wide, internal perianth lobes are slightly broader, retroflexed (curved backward), innotate (spotless) or with few spots, there are papillae on both sides of the nectar gland; 6 stamens, shorter than perianth, filaments are 1.2~2.5 cm long, glabrous, anthers are oblong oval, about 1 cm long, yellow, with red pollen granule; the ovary is cylindrical, about 9 mm long, style length is 1.52 times the length of the ovary; stigma is inflated, 5 mm in diameter, 3-lobed.
The capsularfruit is oblong, 2 cm long and 1.2–1.8 cm wide. Its flowering period is from July to August, and the fruiting period is from August to October.
Growth characteristics: The plant grows in areas at altitudes between 400 and 2,500 meters above sea level, on mountain slopes, in forests, and in mountain rocks. It is distributed in the northern and northwest areas, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and other areas of China.
Characters of herbs: The scale leaves (of Lilium pumilum) are about 5.5 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, and 3.5 mm thick, with a dark color and inconspicuous veins.
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References:
1.Introduction of Bai He:Lily Bulb or Bulbus Lilii Brownii.
✵The article gives records of the herb Lily Bulb, its English name, Latin name, property and flavor, its botanical source three plant species, ①.Lilium lancifolium Thunb., ②.Lilium brownii F.E.Brown ex Miellez var.viridulum Baker., ③.Lilium pumilum DC., with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of these three plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of these three plant species, the features of the herb Lily Bulb, its pharmacological actions, medicinal efficacy, and administration guide.
Pin Yin Name: Bǎi Hé.
Botanical description: Lilium lancifolium Thunb is also known as Lilium tigrinum Ker-Gawl., is a plant of the Liliaceae family (lily family) and Lilium L genus, it is commonly known as Lilium lancifolium, Lilium tigrinum, devil lily, easter lily, tiger lily, Juǎn Dān, Shān Bǎi Hé (means mountain lily). A perennial herb, the plant grows up to 1~1.5 meters high. Squamous bulbs are round oblate spheroids, 4~7 cm tall, and 5~8 cm in diameter. Stems are upright, mauve (lilac), and covered with white woolly hairs. The leaf blade is lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 5~20 cm long, 0.5~2 cm wide, and turns smaller upward and bracteal, usually has a purple-black bulbiet in the upper leaf axil.
Botanical description: Lilium brownii F.E.Brown ex Miellez var.viridulum Baker is also known as Lilum brownii F.E. Brownex Miellez var.colchesteri(Van Houtt.)Wils. ex Elwes., a plant of the Liliaceae (lily family) family and Lilium L genus, is commonly known as Lanceleaf Lily Bulb, Greenish Lily Bulb, Greenish Lily, or Bǎi Hé, Yè Hé Huā (means night lily), Bǎi Huā Bǎi Hé (means white flower lily). A perennial herb, the plant grows up to 70–150 cm high. Stems have purple stripes, glabrous; squamous bulbs are globose, about 5 cm in diameter, cuiller (squamous bulb lobes) are widely spreading, enodal and white. Leaves are scattered, have short petioles; the leaves on the upper part are usually smaller than the leaves on the middle part, and the leaf blade is oblanceolate to obovate, 7~10 cm long, 2~3 cm wide, the apex is sharp, the base is inclined and narrow, entire, glabrous, with 3~5 veins.
Botanical description: Lilium pumilum DC is also known as Lilium tenuifolium Fisch., is a plant of the Liliaceae family (lily family) and Lilium L genus, it is commonly known as Lilium pumilum, Thin-leaf Lilium, Shān Dān Bǎi Hé. A perennial herb, the plant grows up to 20~60 cm high. Squamous bulbs are conical or ovate-oblong, 1.8~3.5 cm in diameter, with a thin membrane, cuiller (squamous scales) are oblong or ovate-oblong, 2~3.5 cm long, 0.7~1.2 cm wide, and white. Stem height is 15~60 cm, with small papillary protrusions, and some have purple stripes. Leaves grow and are scattered in the middle of the stem, sessile; leaf blades are strip-shaped, 3~10 cm long, 1~3 mm wide, glabrous, the apex is sharp, the base turns attenuate (narrow gradually), and there is 1 conspicuous vein.
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