✵TCM herbalism is also known as the pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine or Chinese pharmaceutics. It is the branch of health science dealing with the preparation, dispensing, and proper utilization of Chinese herbs. It is primarily composed of Introduction to Chinese Medicinals, Classification of Chinese Herbs, Formulas, and Patent Medicines.
Dispelling Wind-Damp Herbs
Introduction: Dispelling Wind-Damp Herbs:— herbs that dispel wind and dampness, primarily used to relieve rheumatism and related conditions.
Wind-damp-dispelling herbs are mostly pungent, warm, aromatic, and drying in nature; they are predominantly pungent- and bitter-tasting, warm- or cold-natured, and function to dispel wind, dry dampness, and dispel cold. They are mainly used for syndromes of wind-damp pattern. These herbs are classified into several categories: (1) wind-damp-dispelling and cold-dispersing herbs; (2) wind-damp-dispelling and heat-clearing herbs; (3) wind-damp-dispelling and tendon- and bone-strengthening herbs, etc. As they are pungent in flavor and warm, aromatic, and drying in nature, they should be used cautiously in individuals with yin deficiency or blood insufficiency.
Wind-damp-dispelling and cold-dispersing herbs: mostly pungent- and bitter-tasting, warm-natured; functions include dispelling wind and dampness, dispersing cold, relieving pain, and activating tendons and collaterals; primarily indicated for cold-type wind-damp bi syndrome (arthromyodynia). Representative herbs include Radix Angelicae Pubescentis (Dú Huó), Radix Clematidis (Wēi Líng Xiān), and others such as Fructus Chaenomelis (Mù Guā), Caulis Piperis Kadsurae (Hǎi Fēng Téng), Herba Erodii seu Geranii (Lǎo Guàn Cǎo), Radix Cynanchi Paniculati (Xú Cháng Qīng), Caulis Sinomenii (Qīng Fēng Téng), etc.
Wind-damp-dispelling and heat-clearing herbs: mostly pungent- and bitter-tasting, cold-natured; functions include dispelling wind and dampness, activating collaterals and relieving pain, clearing heat, and reducing swelling; primarily indicated for wind-damp-heat bi syndrome (e.g., arthralgia with redness, swelling, and thermalgia of joints). Representative herbs include Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae (Qín Jiāo), Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae (Fáng Jǐ), and others such as Herba Siegesbeckiae (Xī Xiān Cǎo), Cortex Erythrinae (Hǎi Tóng Pí), Folium Liriodendri (Chòu Wú Tóng Yè), Caulis Trachelospermi (Luò Shí Téng), Ramulus Mori (Sāng Zhī), Retinervus Luffae Fructus (Sī Guā Luò), Rhizoma Dioscoreae Nipponicae (Chuān Dì Lóng), etc.
Wind-damp-dispelling and tendon- and bone-strengthening herbs: mostly bitter- and sweet-tasting, warm-natured; functions include dispelling wind and dampness, tonifying the liver and kidney, and strengthening tendons and bones; primarily indicated for chronic wind-damp bi syndrome, waist-leg weakness due to liver-kidney deficiency, kidney-deficiency-type low back pain, post-stroke sequelae, etc. Representative herbs include Cortex Acanthopanacis (Wǔ Jiā Pí), Rhizoma Homalomenae (Qiān Nián Jiàn), and others such as Ramulus Taxilli (Sāng Jì Shēng), Herba Pyrolae (Lù Xiān Cǎo), Rhizoma Cibotii (Gǒu Jǐ), Herba Lycopodii (Shēn Jīn Cǎo), Cortex Periplocae (Xiāng Jiā Pí), etc.
✵As of January 1, 2024, this category includes a total of [23] commonly used TCM herbs and [52] associated plant species. Each herb is briefly introduced separately.
✵As of October 10, 2019, a total of [7] commonly used TCM herbs and [20] associated plant species have been recorded in this category. These herbs are introduced separately below.
Brief Introduction:Radix Angelicae Pubescentis is the dried root of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan. It dispels wind-damp, alleviates arthralgia, and releases the exterior in cases of wind-cold-damp bi syndrome—especially lower-body arthralgia—and wind-cold-damp invasion. It is commonly known as Radix Angelicae Pubescentis, Doubleteeth Pubescent Angelica Root, or Dú Huó.
Radix Clematidis (Chinese Clematis Root)
Brief Introduction:Radix Clematidis is the dried root and rhizome of Clematis chinensis Osbeck, Clematis hexapetala Pall., or Clematis manshurica Rupr. It is used (1) to dispel wind-dampness and unblock the collaterals for treating wind-damp bi syndrome (e.g., rheumatic or rheumatoid arthralgia), and (2) to resolve fishbones lodged in the throat. Common names include Clematis Root, Chinese Clematis Root, and Six-petal Clematis Root. It is also referred to as Radix Clematidis and Wēi Línɡ Xiān.
Brief Introduction:Fructus Chaenomelis is the dried, ripe fruit of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai, used (1) to soothe the tendons and unblock the collaterals for treating wind-damp arthralgia with contracture, and (2) to dispel dampness and harmonize the stomach for treating vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal distension. It is commonly known as Fructus Chaenomelis, Common Flowering-quince Fruit, or Mù Guā.
Caulis Piperis Kadsurae (Kadsura Pepper Stem)
Brief Introduction:Caulis Piperis Kadsurae is the dried stem of Piper kadsura (Choisy) Ohwi., used to dispel wind-dampness, unblock the meridians, disperse cold, and alleviate pain—indicated for wind-damp arthralgia with muscular contracture and traumatic pain. It is commonly known as Caulis Piperis Kadsurae, Kadsura Pepper Stem, or Hǎi Fēnɡ Ténɡ.
Herba Erodii seu Geranii (Heron's Bill or Wilford Ganesbill Herb)
Brief Introduction:Herba Erodii seu Geranii is the dried aerial part of Erodium stephanianum Willd. or Geranium wilfordii Maxim., used to dispel wind-dampness, unblock the collaterals, and arrest dysenteric diarrhea in cases of rheumatoid arthralgia with muscular contracture, as well as for treating enteritis and dysentery. It is commonly known as Herba Erodii seu Geranii, Heron’s Bill or Wilford Geranium Herb, and Lǎo Guàn Cǎo.
Brief Introduction:Radix Cynanchi Paniculati is the dried root and rhizome of Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitag. It is used to unblock collateral meridians, alleviate pain, clear toxicity, and reduce swelling, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, toothache, lumbago, traumatic injuries, dysmenorrhea, and eczema. The herb is also known as Paniculate Swallowwort Root, Radix Cynanchi Paniculati, or Xú Cháng Qīng.
Caulis Sinomenii (Orientvine Stem)
Brief Introduction:Caulis Sinomenii is the dried lianoid stem of Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehder et Wilson or Sinomenium acutum var. cinereum Rehder et Wilson, used to dispel wind-dampness and alleviate pain in rheumatic arthritis, articular swelling, and pain. It is commonly known as Caulis Sinomenii, Orientvine Stem, or Qīng Fēng Téng.
✵As of October 10, 2019, a total of [9] commonly used TCM herbs and [17] associated plant species have been recorded in this category. These herbs are introduced separately below.
Brief Introduction:Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae is the dried root of Gentiana macrophylla Pall., Gentiana straminea Maxim., Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk., and Gentiana dahurica Fisch. It is used (1) to dispel wind-dampness, relieve arthralgia, and clear deficiency heat—for treating wind-damp (rheumatic or rheumatoid) pain and fever in phthisis—and (2) to clear damp-heat for treating jaundice. The herb is commonly known as Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae, Large-leaf Gentian Root, or Qín Jiāo.
Brief Introduction:Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae is the dried root of Stephania tetrandra S. Moore, used to dispel wind-dampness and promote diuresis in rheumatic arthritis, edema, and oliguria. It is commonly known as Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae, Four-stamen Stephania Root, or Fáng Jǐ.
Herba Siegesbeckiae (Siegesbeckia Herb)
Brief Introduction:Herba Siegesbeckiae is the dried aerial part of Siegesbeckia orientalis L., Siegesbeckia pubescens Makino, or Siegesbeckia glabrescens Makino. It is used (1) to dispel wind-dampness and unblock the collaterals for treating wind-damp (rheumatic or rheumatoid) arthralgia, and (2) to clear heat and counteract toxins for treating boils, sores, abscesses, and ulcers. The herb is commonly known as Herba Siegesbeckiae, Siegesbeckia Herb, or Xi Xian Cao.
Cortex Erythrinae (Coral-bean Bark)
Brief Introduction:Cortex Erythrinae is the dried bark of Erythrina variegata L. var. orientalis (L.) Merr. or Erythrina arborescens Roxb., used to dispel wind-dampness, unblock the collateral meridians, and relieve itching in cases of rheumatoid arthritis; it is also applied externally for neurodermatitis and chronic eczema. It is commonly known as Cortex Erythrinae, Coral-bean Bark, or Hǎi Tóng Pí.
Folium Liriodendra Tracheotomy (Glory bower Leaf)
Brief Introduction:Folium Clerodendri Trichotomi is the dried leaf of Clerodendrum trichotomum Thunb., used to dispel wind-dampness and lower blood pressure in cases of rheumatism and hypertension. It is commonly known as Glory Bower Leaf, Chòu Wú Tónɡ Yè, or—historically misnamed—Folium Liriodendra Tracheotomy.
Caulis Trachelospermi (Chinese Starjasmine Stem)
Brief Introduction:Caulis Trachelospermi is the dried stem of Trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.) Lem., used to dispel wind-dampness, unblock meridians, cool the blood, and reduce swelling. It is employed in the treatment of wind-damp bi syndrome with muscular contracture and joint pain, as well as sore throat. Common names include Chinese Star Jasmine Stem, Luò Shí Ténɡ, and—historically—"Luò Shí" (though the latter refers botanically to the resinous exudate of another species and is a misnomer when applied to the stem).
Ramulus Mori (Mulberry Twig)
Brief Introduction: The herb Ramulus Mori is the dried young twig of Morus alba L., used as an antirheumatic to treat arthralgia and shoulder pain. The herb is commonly known as Ramulus Mori, Mulberry Twig, Sānɡ Zhī.
Brief Introduction:Retinervus luffae fructus is the dried vascular bundles of the ripe fruit of Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem., used to dispel wind, unblock collateral meridians, and clear toxins. It is indicated for rheumatoid arthralgia with muscular contracture and mastitis. The herb is commonly known as Towel Gourd Vegetable Sponge, Vegetable Sponge of Luffa, or Sī Guā Luò.
Rhizoma Dioscoreae Nipponicae (Chuan Di Long)
Brief Introduction:Rhizoma Dioscoreae Nipponicae is the dried rhizome of Dioscorea nipponica Makino, used to dispel wind-dampness, activate blood circulation, unblock collateral meridians, and resolve phlegm. It is indicated for rheumatoid arthralgia, sprains, traumatic pain, and chronic cough with sputum. The herb is commonly known as Chuan Shan Long or Chuān Shān Lónɡ.
Wind-damp-dispelling and tendon-bone-strengthening herbs:
✵As of October 10, 2019, a total of [7] commonly used TCM herbs and [15] associated plant species have been recorded in this category. These herbs are introduced separately below.
Brief Introduction:Cortex Acanthopanacis is the dried root bark of Acanthopanax gracilistylus W. W. Smith. It dispels wind-dampness, strengthens tendons and bones, and promotes diuresis for treating rheumatic disorders and edema. Common names include Cortex Acanthopanacis, Slenderstyle Acanthopanax Bark, and Wǔ Jiā Pí.
Rhizoma Homalomenae (Obscured Homalomena Rhizome)
Brief Introduction:Rhizoma Homalomenae is the dried rhizome of Homalomena occulta (Lour.) Schott. It dispels wind-dampness, strengthens tendons and bones, and alleviates rheumatic pain, primarily used to treat rheumatoid arthritis with cold sensation and pain in the lower back and knees, and contracture of the lower limbs. Common names include Rhizoma Homalomenae, Obscured Homalomena Rhizome, and Qiān Nián Jiàn.
Herba Lycopodii (Common Club-moss Herb)
Brief Introduction:Herba Lycopodii is the dried whole plant of Lycopodium japonicum Thunb., used to dispel wind-dampness and relieve muscular contracture in arthralgia with stiffness. It is commonly known as Herba Lycopodii, Common Club-moss Herb, or Shēn Jīn Cǎo.
Cortex Periplocae (Chinese Silkvine Bark)
Brief Introduction:Cortex Periplocae is the dried root-bark of Periploca sepium Bunge., used to dispel wind-dampness in rheumatic arthralgia and promote diuresis for edema. It is commonly known as Cortex Periplocae, Chinese Silkvine Bark, or Xiānɡ Jiā Pí.
Ramulus Taxilli (Mulberry Mistletoe)
Brief Introduction:Ramulus Taxilli is the dried leaf-bearing stem and branch of Taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser. It is used (1) to nourish the liver and kidney yin, strengthen tendons and bones, and dispel wind-dampness—indicated for bi syndrome with soreness and pain in the lower back and limbs—and (2) to nourish the blood and stabilize the fetus—indicated for menorrhagia and threatened abortion. The herb is commonly known as Ramulus Taxilli, Mulberry Mistletoe, or Sānɡ Jì Shēnɡ.
Herba Pyrolae (Pyrola Herb)
Brief Introduction:Herba Pyrolae is the dried whole plant of Pyrola calliantha H. Andres or Pyrola decorata H. Andres. It is used to nourish kidney yin, strengthen tendons and bones, dispel wind-dampness, and arrest bleeding—indicated for lumbago, rheumatism, menorrhagia, hemoptysis, and epistaxis. It is commonly known as Herba Pyrolae, Pyrola Herb, or Lù Xián Cǎo.
Rhizoma Cibotii (Cibot Rhizome)
Brief Introduction:Rhizoma Cibotii is the dried rhizome of Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm., used clinically to tonify the liver and kidneys, strengthen the lower back and knees, and dispel wind-dampness. It is indicated for kidney deficiency–related conditions such as enuresis, leukorrhea, lumbago, knee soreness, rheumatic low back pain, and lumbar muscle strain. Commonly known as Rhizoma Cibotii, Cibot Rhizome, or Gǒu Jǐ.