✵Ancient Shanghan Herbalists introduces traditional Chinese medicine herbalists who have some study or outstanding study and applications of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and Jin Kui Yao Lue (the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber). They are also known as the School of Cold-induced Febrile Diseases for their contribution to the study and theory of exogenous febrile disease. This section introduces about [49] outstanding traditional Chinese medicine herbalists, including their biographies, legends, main books and academic thoughts, [3] of them have already been introduced in the section on Prominent Ancient herbalists, and they are listed in the order of the epoch in which they lived or according to the year their main works were published. There are a total of [63] monographs on Shang Han Lun (The Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), [8] monographs on Jin Kui Yao Lue (the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber), [3] monographs on warm diseases, [1] monograph on prescriptions, [1] monograph on pulse formula, [1] monograph on acupuncture and moxibustion, [4] monographs on herbal classics, [25] kinds of other TCM books. In total, [106] kinds of traditional Chinese medicine works are introduced, and there are also [2] kinds of other books.
Hán Zhīhé: a famous herbalist who lived during the Northern Song dynasty. He studied the theory of Shang Han (the theory of exogenous febrile disease) in great detail and conducted careful research. His applications are flexible, can adapt to it or accommodate to circumstances, and he carried forward the theory of Zhang Zhongjing with his own innovations. He is the author of the book Shang Han Wei Zhi Lun (The Subtle Meanings of Shang Han).
Páng ānshí
Páng ānshí: a famous herbalist who lived during the Song dynasty and was the author of several renowned works. The most widely read of his works was a detailed and comprehensive treatise on various types of cold-induced diseases and warm diseases, titled Shang Han Zong Bing Lun (the General Discourse on Cold-induced Diseases).
Zhū Gōng
Zhū Gōng: a famous herbalist, studied Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) for decades. He was a renowned expert in Shang Han studies during the Song dynasty, and he made significant contributions to the practical application of Zhongjing's theory. He is the author of Nan Yang Huo Ren Shu (The book of Nanyang for life-saving).
Xǔ Shūwēi
Xǔ Shūwēi: a famous herbalist and representative of the Meng-He School. He lived during the North and South Song dynasties, and was a renowned scholar of the Shang Han study. He is the author of the books Shang Han Bai Zheng Ge, Shang Han Fa Wei Lun and Shang Han Jiu Shi Lun.
Chéng Wújǐ
Chéng Wújǐ: a famous herbalist who lived at the end of the North Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Jin Dynasty. He spent 40 years studying the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), and was the first herbalist to provide a comprehensive annotation of the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases). He was also one of the main representatives of the Shang Han School (the school of theory on exogenous febrile disease).
Guō Yōng
Guō Yōng: an herbalist and a scholar of the I Ching. He is very fond of Zhongjing's book and has studied it in depth. He took discussions from other ancient books and theories from other herbalists to compile and supplement it. He is the author of the book Shang Han Bu Wang Lun (the Recovery Supplement of Shang Han Lun).
Wáng Hǎogǔ
Wáng Hǎogǔ: a distinguished physician who lived in the thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries. He was a prominent herbalist of the Yishui School during the Jin Yuan period. He mastered the ancient book Nei Jing (the Inner Canon) and studied Zhongjing's theory in depth. He learned from the herbalists Zhang Yuansu and Li Dongyuan and developed their theories. His chief contribution was his explanation of Yin syndromes and his use of warming tonics in the later stages of cold-induced diseases. He developed and enriched the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and had a profound influence on later generations.
Zhāng Bì
Zhāng Bì: a herbalist who lived in the Jin dynasty, he is the son of the renowned herbalist Zhāng Yuánsù. He is renowned for his accurate pulse study, and he also has some study on the theory of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases). He is also the author of the book Shang Han Bao Ming Ji (the Life Saving Collection of Shang Han).
Huá Shòu
Huá Shòu: a great herbalist in the Yuan dynasty. His contributions mainly focused on interpreting the Nei Jing (the Inner Canon) and the Nan Jing (the Difficult Questions), as well as on pulse manifestations, annotations, supplements on acupuncture, and the theory of meridians. He is also the author of the books on the study of Shang Han, titled Shang Han Li Chao, but these books have not survived to this day.
Huáng Zhònglǐ
Huáng Zhònglǐ: a herbalist in the Ming dynasty. He studied the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) from a young age and lived from the late 14th to the early 15th century. He is the author of the 10-volume book Shang Han Lei Zheng (the Classified Syndromes of Shang Han.), which collects his studies on the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Xǔ Hóng
Xǔ Hóng: He studied Confucianism in his childhood and was not renowned for his medical knowledge. However, for his effectiveness in treating strange (unusual) diseases and syndromes, later he became famous for a period. Throughout his life, Xu Hong paid much attention to collecting and researching prescriptions. He is the author of Jin Jing Nei Tai Fang Yi (the Golden Mirror of the Inner Stage Recipes), in which he collected his studies about the prescriptions of the Shang Han Lun (The Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Táo Huá
Táo Huá: a herbalist from the Ming dynasty who specialised in the study of Shang Han Lun (The Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases). Patients usually recover after taking only one dose of their prescription. He is also the author of Shang Han Liu Shu (the Six Books of Shang Han), a book about the study of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Wú Shòu
Wú Shòu: a herbalist who lived from the late Yuan dynasty to the early Ming dynasty. Proficient in medical skills, he specialised in the treatment of Shang Han (exogenous febrile diseases) and was recruited to the capital as a famous herbalist. He was assigned an official career Yuan Pan at the Imperial Academy of Medicine and is the author of the book Shang Han Yun Yao Quan Shu (the Essential Collect Complete Book of Shang Han).
Wàn Quán
Wàn Quán: a famous herbalist in the Ming dynasty. He was born into a family of herbalists, and both his grandfather and father were paediatricians. He is even more famous for paediatrics and inherited the medical ethics of his grandfather and father. Over the course of his 50-year career, he saved countless people. He is the author of the book Shang Han Zhai Jin (the Picked Brocade of Shang Han), which recorded his study of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Miào Cúnjǐ
Miào Cúnjǐ: a herbalist who lived during the Ming Dynasty, during the Jiajing and Wanli periods. He studied Confucianism as a child and later studied medicine with his uncles. He is the author of the book Shang Han Cuo Yao (The Brief Points of Shang Han), and his studies of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) refer to Tao Hua's books Shang Han Quan Sheng Ji and Shang Han Liu Shu.
Fāng Yǒuzhí
Fāng Yǒuzhí: a scholar of Shang Han (the exogenous febrile disease) and a famous herbalist who lived during the Ming Dynasty. He is well-known for his refined study of the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), in which he rearranged the entries. He was the first author of the missing slip theory school of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases). His main theories and achievements are presented in "revise again of missing slips" and "Theory of wind and cold affecting Ying and Wei".
Wáng Kěntáng
Wáng Kěntáng: He ever passed the imperial examination and achieved Jinshi. He is the author of the book Shang Han Zhun Sheng (the Standards of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), in which he compiled his studies from Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Yù Chāng
Yù Chāng, a famous herbalist who lived in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, was one of the three great master herbalists of the early Qing dynasty. He studied Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and is the author of the book Shang Lun Pian, a renowned study of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Zhāng Suìchén
Zhāng Suìchén: He was born in the Wanli 17th year of the Ming dynasty (1589 AD) and passed away in the Kangxi 7th year of the Qing dynasty (1668 AD). He is good at writing ancient poems and is the author of Zhang Qing Zi Shang Han Lun (the Shang Han Lun by Zhang Qing Zi).
Zhāng Zhìcōng.
Zhāng Zhìcōng: a famous herbalist during the Ming and Qing dynasties. He mastered the skills of medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion. His studies followed the ancient works Nei Jing (The Inner Canon) and Zhang Zhongjing, and he conducted an in-depth study on Nei Jing (The Inner Canon) and Shang Han Lun (The Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Zhāng Lù
Zhāng Lù: a renowned herbalist during the Ming and Qing dynasties, he has been involved in academics and medicine throughout his life, particularly in the study of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases). It is precisely because of Zhang Lu's significant academic influence that he was later recognised as one of the three great medical experts of the early Qing dynasty period.
Shǐ Yǐjiǎ
Shǐ Yǐjiǎ: a herbalist who lived in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, was a proponent of Zhongjing's studies. He devoted over 30 years to studying Zhongjing's Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and wrote the book Shang Han Zheng Zong (the authentic theory about the Treatise on Febrile Diseases).
Chén Yáodào
Chén Yáodào: a herbalist from the Qing dynasty who lived in the middle to late 17th century, was renowned for his prescriptions. People from far and near crowded into his house to receive treatment for various ailments. He is also the author of Shang Han Bian Zheng (the Syndrome Differentiation of the cold-induced diseases).
Chéng Zhī
Chéng Zhī: a famous herbalist during the Qing dynasty. The years of his birth and death are unknown. He is the author of Yi Jing Li Jie (the Medicine Classics and Understandings). Cheng's main academic view was to advocate the theory that the pericardium channel is the life gate.
Xú Bīn
Xú Bīn: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty, he ever lived from the mid- to late 17th century, is the author of Shang Han Fang Lun (Treatise on the Prescriptions of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), and Jin Kui Yao Lue Lun Zhu (A brief commentary on the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber), both of which praise Zhongjing's theory.
Kē Qín
Kē Qín: a scholar of the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) in the Qing dynasty. His method of "using prescriptions to name syndromes, and to classify and categorize syndromes according to prescriptions" is more clinically practical, and has had a considerable influence on later studies. He is the author of the book Shang Han Lai Su Ji (the Renewal of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Chéng Yīngmáo
Chéng Yīngmáo: a herbalist in the early Qing dynasty. Little is known about his life, but he lived during the middle to late 17th century. He is one of the important commentators of the book Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), and is the author of the book Shang Han Lun Hou Tiao Bian (the post entries' identification of Shang Han Lun).
Lín Lán
Lín Lán: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty. His life in detail is unknown, but according to his book, he lived from the middle to the late 17th century. He is the author of the book Shang Han Zhe Zhong (the compromise of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Zhōu Yángjùn
Zhōu Yángjùn: a herbalist who lived during the Qing dynasty and studied Zhongjing's books for over ten years. In the 10th year of Kangxi's reign (1671 AD), he came to the capital and became known as a herbalist. He is the author of the book Shang Han Lun San Zhu (Three Notes on the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Wāng Hǔ
Wāng Hǔ: a herbalist who mainly lived during the middle to late 17th century. He extensively read various works on Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) by predecessors and conducted an in-depth study of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and achieved unique attainments, elaborations, and innovative views. He is a great herbalist and grasped the essence of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) during the Qing dynasty. He is the author of Shang Han Lun Bian Zheng Guang Zhu and Zhong Han Lun Bian Zheng Guang Zhu.
Shěn Míngzōng
Shěn Míngzōng: a herbalist who lived during the Shunzhi period and Kangxi periods of the Qing dynasty (mid- to late 17th century). He studied Zhongjing's theory in fine detail, and praised Fang Youzhi and Yu Jiayan in his commentary on Shang Han Lun (The Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), the author of the book Shang Han Liu Jing Bian Zheng Zhi Fa (The Six Channels Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of The Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Táo Dànān
Táo Dànān: a herbalist during the Kangxi period of the Qing dynasty. The exact dates of his birth and death are unknown, but he lived in the 17th century and passed away at the age of 89. He is the author of Shang Han Yuan Liu (the Complete Works of the Origins of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Qián Huáng
Qián Huáng: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty, he believed that Zhongjing's prescriptions were accurate and no one could surpass them. However, he thought that Wang Shuhe's order of compilation and Cheng Wuji's annotations were attached to their own intentions and lost the original meaning of Zhongjing. He is the author of the book Shang Han Shuo Yuan Ji (The Origin Tracing of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Zhèng Chóngguāng
Zhèng Chóngguāng: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty, he read the medical books, including the ancient book Nei Jing(the Internal Classics), and thoroughly understood the principles of medicine and cured diseases with miraculous effects. He was especially innovative in Shang Han (cold-induced disease) and warm disease, and is the author of Shang Han Lun Tiao Bian Xu Zhu (the Continued Supplement on the entries' identification of Shang Han Lun), and Shang Han Lun Zheng Bian (the Syndromes Differentiation of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Zhāng Xījū
Zhāng Xījū: Zhang inherited his father's ambition to study medicine. He studied day and night with the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), gradually achieving significant progress in his studies. In severe cases or complicated diseases, the symptoms vanished as the medicine took effect. He is the author of the books Shang Han Lun Zhi Jie (the Direct Annotations on the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and Wei Qi Lun (the Theory on Stomach Qi).
Wèi Lìtóng
Wèi Lìtóng: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty. In his early years, he studied Confucianism and achieved a great deal. In middle age, he devoted himself to the study of medicine and became a learned scholar. He is the author of the books Shang Han Lun Ben Yi (the Original Meanings of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and Jin Kui Yao Lue Ben Yi (the Original Meanings of the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber).
Wáng Zǐjiē
Wáng Zǐjiē: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty. From a young age, he studied Confucianism as a candidate for the imperial examinations; he devoted himself to medicine while studying Confucianism and studied it for over 20 years. He later became a renowned herbalist.
Wú Qiān
Wú Qiān:He was a court physician and was ever assigned as a Yuan Pan of the Imperial Academy of Medicine during the Qianlong period. He advocated Zhongjing's theory and was the author of the books Ding Zheng Shang Han Lun Zhu (the Revised Annotations on the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), and Ding Zheng Jin Kui Yao Lue Zhu (the Revised Annotations on the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber).
Huáng Yùlù
Huáng Yùlù: a well-known herbalist of the Qing dynasty and a representative of the Zunjing School (the Loyal to Classics School). Fourteen of his works have survived to this day; eleven of these are medical books. He had incisive views on the ancient works Nei Jing (The Inner Canon), Nan Jing (The Difficult Classic), Shang Han Lun (The Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and Jin Kui Yao Lue (The Synopsis of the Golden Chamber).
Shū Zhào
Shū Zhào: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty, he was fond of medical prescriptions and learned medical skills from the famous herbalist Luo Zishang, who was a disciple of Yu Chang. His medical skills greatly improved as a result. He is the author of Shang Han Ji Zhu (the Collected Annotations on the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), and Shang Han Liu Jing Ding Fa (the Fixed Methods of the six-channels cold-induced diseases).
Xú Dàchūn
Xú Dàchūn: Xu Dachun has been studying Confucianism since childhood, but he has also read various schools. Due to his family's illness, he devoted himself to medicine, studying the books of famous herbalists from the past. He quickly became profound; for the case of serious disease, he often treated it with a positive effect. He is the author of Shang Han Lei Fang (the Classified Prescriptions from the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Wú Yíluò
Wú Yíluò: He was born into a family of famous herbalists spanning many generations, and his ancestors amassed a vast collection of books, and he practiced medicine for 40 years, becoming renowned in the township. He is the author of Shang Han Fen Jing (the Separate Channels of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Shěn Jīnáo
Shěn Jīnáo: a herbalist in the Qing dynasty. In his early years, he studied Confucianism and had an extensive study with good memory, and studied through epics and literature, medical skills, practice divination, and star calculations. He is the author of Shang Han Lun Gang Mu (The Outline of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Yú Zhàoyuán
Yú Zhàoyuán: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty, a famous expert on Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases). Having inherited his family's studies at an early age, he studied Zhongjing's doctrine in depth and effectively. He is the author of Tong Su Shang Han Lun (the Popular Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Yóu Yí
Yóu Yí: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty, used to sell calligraphy in a temple for a living. Later, he became a favorite disciple of Ma Chu and his academic attainments became more profound in his later years. He studied Zhong Jing's books in depth and is the author of books Jin Kui Yao Lue Xin Dian (the Heart Code of the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber), Shang Han Guan Zhu Ji (A String of Beads from the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Lǚ Zhènmíng
Lǚ Zhènmíng: a herbalist and a professional Confucian scholar in generations from the Qing dynasty. He passed the imperial examinations and achieved the rank of Ju Ren (formerly the second-degree candidate in the provincial examination). His diagnoses and treatments have miraculous effects; he studied Zhongjing's book single-mindedly for more than 20 years, and his monograph Shang Han Xun Yuan (the Seeking Primitive Origin with the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) was praised as the number one among all studies of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) since the Daoguang period.
Dài Yàochí
Dài Yàochí: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty. Little is known about his life and deeds, but he ever lived approximately in the 19th century. He is the author of Shang Han Zheng Jie (The Correct Explanation of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Yú Jǐnghé
Yú Jǐnghé: a famous herbalist from the Menghe School during the late Qing dynasty. He was humble and had noble medical ethics, as well as good skills and profound knowledge of cold-induced diseases. He is the author of the books Yu Zhu Shang Han Lun Yi (The Supplement Annotations on the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases by Yu),Shang Han Liu Jing Bing Jie (The Explanation of the cold-induced diseases and syndromes of the six channels), etc.
✵Ancient Shanghan Herbalists introduces traditional Chinese medicine herbalists who have some study or outstanding study and applications of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and Jin Kui Yao Lue (the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber). They are also known as the School of Cold-induced Febrile Diseases for their contribution to the study and theory of exogenous febrile disease. This section introduces about [49] outstanding traditional Chinese medicine herbalists, including their biographies, legends, main books and academic thoughts, [3] of them have already been introduced in the section on Prominent Ancient herbalists, and they are listed in the order of the epoch in which they lived or according to the year their main works were published. There are a total of [63] monographs on Shang Han Lun (The Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), [8] monographs on Jin Kui Yao Lue (the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber), [3] monographs on warm diseases, [1] monograph on prescriptions, [1] monograph on pulse formula, [1] monograph on acupuncture and moxibustion, [4] monographs on herbal classics, [25] kinds of other TCM books. In total, [106] kinds of traditional Chinese medicine works are introduced, and there are also [2] kinds of other books.
Hán Zhīhé: a famous herbalist who lived during the Northern Song dynasty. He studied the theory of Shang Han (the theory of exogenous febrile disease) in great detail and conducted careful research. His applications are flexible, can adapt to it or accommodate to circumstances, and he carried forward the theory of Zhang Zhongjing with his own innovations. He is the author of the book Shang Han Wei Zhi Lun (The Subtle Meanings of Shang Han).
Páng ānshí: a famous herbalist who lived during the Song dynasty and was the author of several renowned works. The most widely read of his works was a detailed and comprehensive treatise on various types of cold-induced diseases and warm diseases, titled Shang Han Zong Bing Lun (the General Discourse on Cold-induced Diseases).
Zhū Gōng: a famous herbalist, studied Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) for decades. He was a renowned expert in Shang Han studies during the Song dynasty, and he made significant contributions to the practical application of Zhongjing's theory. He is the author of Nan Yang Huo Ren Shu (The book of Nanyang for life-saving).
Xǔ Shūwēi: a famous herbalist and representative of the Meng-He School. He lived during the North and South Song dynasties, and was a renowned scholar of the Shang Han study. He is the author of the books Shang Han Bai Zheng Ge, Shang Han Fa Wei Lun and Shang Han Jiu Shi Lun.
Chéng Wújǐ: a famous herbalist who lived at the end of the North Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Jin Dynasty. He spent 40 years studying the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), and was the first herbalist to provide a comprehensive annotation of the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases). He was also one of the main representatives of the Shang Han School (the school of theory on exogenous febrile disease).
Guō Yōng: an herbalist and a scholar of the I Ching. He is very fond of Zhongjing's book and has studied it in depth. He took discussions from other ancient books and theories from other herbalists to compile and supplement it. He is the author of the book Shang Han Bu Wang Lun (the Recovery Supplement of Shang Han Lun).
Wáng Hǎogǔ: a distinguished physician who lived in the thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries. He was a prominent herbalist of the Yishui School during the Jin Yuan period. He mastered the ancient book Nei Jing (the Inner Canon) and studied Zhongjing's theory in depth. He learned from the herbalists Zhang Yuansu and Li Dongyuan and developed their theories. His chief contribution was his explanation of Yin syndromes and his use of warming tonics in the later stages of cold-induced diseases. He developed and enriched the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and had a profound influence on later generations.
Huá Shòu: a great herbalist in the Yuan dynasty. His contributions mainly focused on interpreting the Nei Jing (the Inner Canon) and the Nan Jing (the Difficult Questions), as well as on pulse manifestations, annotations, supplements on acupuncture, and the theory of meridians. He is also the author of the books on the study of Shang Han, titled Shang Han Li Chao, but these books have not survived to this day.
Wàn Quán: a famous herbalist in the Ming dynasty. He was born into a family of herbalists, and both his grandfather and father were paediatricians. He is even more famous for paediatrics and inherited the medical ethics of his grandfather and father. Over the course of his 50-year career, he saved countless people. He is the author of the book Shang Han Zhai Jin (the Picked Brocade of Shang Han), which recorded his study of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Fāng Yǒuzhí: a scholar of Shang Han (the exogenous febrile disease) and a famous herbalist who lived during the Ming Dynasty. He is well-known for his refined study of the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), in which he rearranged the entries. He was the first author of the missing slip theory school of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases). His main theories and achievements are presented in "revise again of missing slips" and "Theory of wind and cold affecting Ying and Wei".
Wáng Kěntáng: He ever passed the imperial examination and achieved Jinshi. He is the author of the book Shang Han Zhun Sheng (the Standards of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), in which he compiled his studies from Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Yù Chāng, a famous herbalist who lived in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, was one of the three great master herbalists of the early Qing dynasty. He studied Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and is the author of the book Shang Lun Pian, a renowned study of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Zhāng Suìchén: He was born in the Wanli 17th year of the Ming dynasty (1589 AD) and passed away in the Kangxi 7th year of the Qing dynasty (1668 AD). He is good at writing ancient poems and is the author of Zhang Qing Zi Shang Han Lun (the Shang Han Lun by Zhang Qing Zi).
Zhāng Zhìcōng: a famous herbalist during the Ming and Qing dynasties. He mastered the skills of medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion. His studies followed the ancient works Nei Jing (The Inner Canon) and Zhang Zhongjing, and he conducted an in-depth study on Nei Jing (The Inner Canon) and Shang Han Lun (The Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Zhāng Lù: a renowned herbalist during the Ming and Qing dynasties, he has been involved in academics and medicine throughout his life, particularly in the study of Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases). It is precisely because of Zhang Lu's significant academic influence that he was later recognised as one of the three great medical experts of the early Qing dynasty period.
Kē Qín: a scholar of the Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) in the Qing dynasty. His method of "using prescriptions to name syndromes, and to classify and categorize syndromes according to prescriptions" is more clinically practical, and has had a considerable influence on later studies. He is the author of the book Shang Han Lai Su Ji (the Renewal of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Wèi Lìtóng: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty. In his early years, he studied Confucianism and achieved a great deal. In middle age, he devoted himself to the study of medicine and became a learned scholar. He is the author of the books Shang Han Lun Ben Yi (the Original Meanings of the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and Jin Kui Yao Lue Ben Yi (the Original Meanings of the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber).
Wú Qiān:He was a court physician and was ever assigned as a Yuan Pan of the Imperial Academy of Medicine during the Qianlong period. He advocated Zhongjing's theory and was the author of the books Ding Zheng Shang Han Lun Zhu (the Revised Annotations on the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases), and Ding Zheng Jin Kui Yao Lue Zhu (the Revised Annotations on the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber).
Huáng Yùlù: a well-known herbalist of the Qing dynasty and a representative of the Zunjing School (the Loyal to Classics School). Fourteen of his works have survived to this day; eleven of these are medical books. He had incisive views on the ancient works Nei Jing (The Inner Canon), Nan Jing (The Difficult Classic), Shang Han Lun (The Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases) and Jin Kui Yao Lue (The Synopsis of the Golden Chamber).
Xú Dàchūn: Xu Dachun has been studying Confucianism since childhood, but he has also read various schools. Due to his family's illness, he devoted himself to medicine, studying the books of famous herbalists from the past. He quickly became profound; for the case of serious disease, he often treated it with a positive effect. He is the author of Shang Han Lei Fang (the Classified Prescriptions from the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Yú Zhàoyuán: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty, a famous expert on Shang Han Lun (the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases). Having inherited his family's studies at an early age, he studied Zhongjing's doctrine in depth and effectively. He is the author of Tong Su Shang Han Lun (the Popular Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).
Yóu Yí: a herbalist of the Qing dynasty, used to sell calligraphy in a temple for a living. Later, he became a favorite disciple of Ma Chu and his academic attainments became more profound in his later years. He studied Zhong Jing's books in depth and is the author of books Jin Kui Yao Lue Xin Dian (the Heart Code of the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber), Shang Han Guan Zhu Ji (A String of Beads from the Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases).